Nokea
Experimental and epidemiologic evidence suggests that a high-fat diet increases the risk of several cancers. Which of the following cancers is linked to a high-fat diet?
- A. Ovarian.
- B. Lung.
- C. Colon.
- D. Liver.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-fat diet is strongly associated with an increased risk of colon cancer, as it can promote inflammation and alter gut microbiota, contributing to carcinogenesis.
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Of the clients listed below, who is at risk for developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Select all that apply.
- A. Adults between the ages of 20 and 50 years.
- B. Adults who have had an infectious disease with the Epstein-Barr virus.
- C. Adults that are of the male gender.
- D. Adults who possess the genetic link, specifically HLA-DR4.
- E. Adults who also have osteoarthritis.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis is more common in adults aged 20-50, has a genetic association with HLA-DR4, and may be linked to Epstein-Barr virus. Males are less likely than females to develop RA, and osteoarthritis is a distinct condition.
A nurse is assessing a 42-year-old client who has been receiving chemotherapy. The client has a platelet count of 22,000 cells/mm³ and has petechiae on the lower extremities. The nurse should advise the client to:
- A. Increase the amount of iron in the client's diet.
- B. Apply lotion to the lower extremities.
- C. Elevate the legs.
- D. Consult the oncologist.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A platelet count of 22,000/mm³ with petechiae indicates severe thrombocytopenia, requiring urgent consultation with the oncologist for potential platelet transfusion or treatment adjustment.
The nurse is preparing a client for a paracentesis. The nurse should:
- A. Have the client void immediately before the procedure.
- B. Place the client in a side-lying position.
- C. Initiate an I.V. line to administer sedatives.
- D. Place the client on nothing-by-mouth (NPO) status 6 hours before the procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Voiding before paracentesis (A) prevents bladder injury. Side-lying (B) is incorrect; upright is preferred. IV sedatives (C) are not routine, and NPO (D) is unnecessary.
Which symptom suggests bladder cancer recurrence?
- A. Painful urination.
- B. Frequent urination.
- C. Hematuria.
- D. Nocturia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hematuria is a common sign of bladder cancer recurrence.
The nurse is assessing a client with chronic hepatitis B who is receiving Lamivudine (Epivir). What information is most important to communicate to the physician?
- A. The client's daily record indicates a 3 kg weight loss in 2 days.
- B. The client is complaining of nausea.
- C. The client has a temperature of 99°F orally.
- D. The client has fatigue.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A 3 kg weight loss in 2 days (A) is significant and may indicate worsening liver function or fluid loss, requiring urgent physician attention. Nausea (B), low-grade fever (C), and fatigue (D) are common but less critical.