Nokea
Exposure to an asthma trigger can cause which aspect of asthma to occur next?
- A. Inflammatory process in the mast cells of the lungs
- B. Increase in edema and mucus production in the bronchioles
- C. Release of histamine
- D. Narrowing of the airways
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The allergen activates the mast cells in the lungs, which release histamine, causing an increase in edema and mucus production that narrows the airways and causes the classic signs of asthma.
You may also like to solve these questions
The patient who had a bronchoscopy 1 hour ago asks when eating will be possible. Which response would be most helpful?
- A. In 24 hours, but must take cold liquids for the rest of the day
- B. If there is no blood in his sputum
- C. In 8 hours after a period of nothing by mouth
- D. When the gag reflex returns
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Following a bronchoscopy, the patient can eat as soon as the gag reflex returns, usually in about 2 hours.
Which nursing intervention is for a patient, age 40, who is diagnosed with active tuberculosis?
- A. Place the patient in drainage and secretion precautions.
- B. Place the patient in acid-fast bacillus (AFB) Isolation Precautions.
- C. Maintain the patient in enteric isolation.
- D. Place the patient in any Isolation Precautions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If TB is suspected, place the patient in acid-fast bacillus (AFB) Isolation Precautions immediately.
The nurse assessing an 11 year old who is having an asthma attack expects to hear which adventitious sounds?
- A. Friction rub.
- B. Expiratory wheezes
- C. Crackles.
- D. Absent breath sounds.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The narrowed bronchioles characteristic of an asthma attack would produce wheezes, which are high-pitched whistling sounds.
The ___ are the structures of the lung in which gas exchange occurs.
Correct Answer: alveoli
Rationale: The end structures of the bronchial tree are called alveoli. It is in these terminal structures of the bronchial tree that gas exchange takes place.
A patient, age 69, has emphysema. On assessment, the nurse notes the presence of a 'barrel chest.' Which pathology causes this to occur?
- A. An increase in the lateromedial area from hypertrophy of mucous glands in the bronchi
- B. An increased anteroposterior diameter caused by overinflation of the alveoli
- C. A decrease in anteroposterior diameter caused by chronic dilation of the bronchi
- D. A widening of the sternocostal area secondary to chronic constriction of smooth muscles in the airways leading to bronchospasms
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient will eventually appear barrel chested (an increased anteroposterior diameter caused by overinflation).