Nokea
Which event happens when there is a decrease in the oxygen level in the blood?
- A. Pituitary stimulates the respiratory system to increase respiratory rate.
- B. The alveoli diffuse more oxygen into the blood.
- C. Chemoreceptors in the carotid body and aortic body stimulate the respiratory centers to modify respiratory rates.
- D. The parietal pleura increases the negative pressure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and the aortic bodies send a message to the respiratory centers to modify respirations.
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Which intervention should the nurse use to keep the chest tubes from becoming occluded?
- A. Irrigate tubes as needed.
- B. Prevent the patient from lying on it.
- C. Loop the tube over the bed rail.
- D. Milk' the tube frequently.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To keep the tubes patent, the patient should not lie on the tubing. These tubes are not irrigated and should not be milked frequently.
The nurse recognizes that the reading in an arterial gas report indicates the amount of oxygen dissolved in the plasma.
Correct Answer: PaO2
Rationale: The PaO2 reading indicates the amount of oxygen dissolved in the plasma.
A patient comes to the health nurse at the workplace with epistaxis. The patient reports frequent nosebleeds that have usually been controlled without intervention. Which assessment would be the most helpful after the nurse has stopped the bleeding?
- A. Obtain a blood pressure.
- B. Record the approximate amount of blood lost.
- C. Inquire about a headache.
- D. Record the last episode of epistaxis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Check the blood pressure for hypotension to assess for hypovolemic shock. Adults can lose as much as 1 L of blood in an hour with heavy epistaxis. In addition, epistaxis can be a complication of untreated hypertension.
A patient is on postoperative day 2 after undergoing a total hip replacement. The patient suddenly complains of chest pain and is coughing up blood-tinged sputum. Which action should be the nurse's initial intervention?
- A. Report signs to the charge nurse.
- B. Elevate head of bed and administer oxygen.
- C. Prevent patient from excessive coughing.
- D. Increase IV flow rate.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a pulmonary embolus is suspected, the head of the bed should be elevated to facilitate respiration and oxygen is administered. The charge nurse and the health care provider should be notified, but only after the patient is positioned and oxygenated.
Which action is the purpose of the cilia?
- A. Warm and moisturize inhaled air.
- B. Sweep debris toward nasal cavity.
- C. Stimulate cough reflex.
- D. Produce mucus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cilia are fine hairlike processes on the outer surfaces of small cells that produce a motion that sweeps the debris toward the nasal cavity. Large particles that are swept away stimulate the cough reflex, but not the cilia themselves.