Nokea
The nurse explains that the diagnostic test that can scan the chest and the abdomen in less than 30 seconds is the ___ CT scan.
Correct Answer: spiral
Rationale: The spiral or helical CT scan can scan the chest and the abdomen in less than 30 seconds. This test is faster and more accurate.
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A patient, age 69, has emphysema. On assessment, the nurse notes the presence of a 'barrel chest.' Which pathology causes this to occur?
- A. An increase in the lateromedial area from hypertrophy of mucous glands in the bronchi
- B. An increased anteroposterior diameter caused by overinflation of the alveoli
- C. A decrease in anteroposterior diameter caused by chronic dilation of the bronchi
- D. A widening of the sternocostal area secondary to chronic constriction of smooth muscles in the airways leading to bronchospasms
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient will eventually appear barrel chested (an increased anteroposterior diameter caused by overinflation).
Which important precaution should the nurse include when instructing a patient with emphysema on the use of home oxygen?
- A. Use oxygen only when extremely short of breath.
- B. Keep the home oxygen regulator set on 6 L.
- C. Use home oxygen at night while sleeping.
- D. Limit to 1 to 2 L oxygen flow.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low-flow oxygen therapy is required for patients with COPD, because higher oxygen concentrations depress the body's own respiratory regulatory centers and can cause respiratory failure.
The nurse prepares a patient for the procedure of a(n) ___ which will remove the fluid from around the lung to improve respiration and obtain a specimen.
- B. #ERROR!
Correct Answer: thoracentesis
Rationale: Often a thoracentesis will be done not only to obtain a specimen for culture to identify the causative agent, but also to relieve the dyspnea and discomfort.
The patient has advanced emphysema and reports experiencing dyspnea and fatigue. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate for the patient who is having difficulty with activity tolerance?
- A. Direct patient in vigorous independent ROM.
- B. Allow to exercise until respirations are over 20 breaths/min over baseline.
- C. Plan care to provide optimum rest.
- D. Provide frequent cool showers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nursing interventions will be directed at attempting to decrease the patient's anxiety and promote optimal air exchange. The nurse should allow sufficient rest periods and should assist the patient in activities of daily living.
The nurse explains that the opening between the vocal cords is the ___.
Correct Answer: glottis
Rationale: The glottis is the opening between the vocal cords.