Nokea
Which action is the purpose of the cilia?
- A. Warm and moisturize inhaled air.
- B. Sweep debris toward nasal cavity.
- C. Stimulate cough reflex.
- D. Produce mucus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cilia are fine hairlike processes on the outer surfaces of small cells that produce a motion that sweeps the debris toward the nasal cavity. Large particles that are swept away stimulate the cough reflex, but not the cilia themselves.
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How should the newly diagnosed patient who has been prescribed isoniazid (INH) for the treatment of active tuberculosis (TB) be advised?
- A. Report redness and swelling of extremities.
- B. Be aware that the therapy is long term.
- C. Monitor renal function every several months.
- D. Rise slowly to avoid dizziness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: INH therapy is long term. The patient should be advised to get regular liver studies and report tingling and numbness of the extremities.
An 83-year-old patient is admitted with a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C), chest pain, and fatigue. Which term describes the infected fluid that the health care provider removes from the pleural cavity?
- A. Emboli
- B. Emphysema
- C. Sputum
- D. Empyema
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: If the fluid between the lung and the membrane lining the pleural cavity becomes infected, it is called empyema.
In which way should a patient be positioned after a thoracentesis is completed and the dressing applied?
- A. High Fowler
- B. Semi-Fowler
- C. Side lying on unaffected side
- D. Prone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After a thoracentesis, the patient is placed in a side-lying position on the unaffected side.
The nurse prepares a patient for the procedure of a(n) ___ which will remove the fluid from around the lung to improve respiration and obtain a specimen.
- B. #ERROR!
Correct Answer: thoracentesis
Rationale: Often a thoracentesis will be done not only to obtain a specimen for culture to identify the causative agent, but also to relieve the dyspnea and discomfort.
Which instruction by the nurse is inappropriate for teaching the proper technique for collection of a sputum specimen?
- A. Bring the sputum up from the lungs.
- B. Rinse mouth with water before expectorating in specimen cup.
- C. Collect specimens after meals.
- D. Send specimen to the lab without delay.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Collecting specimens before meals will avoid possible emesis from coughing after eating.