Nokea
How will the kidneys respond in respiratory acidosis?
- A. Retain bicarbonate to increase the pH.
- B. Excrete more urine to reduce potassium.
- C. Concentrate the urine to conserve circulating fluid in the bloodstream.
- D. Lower the pH by excretion of bicarbonate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In respiratory acidosis, the pH is low. The kidneys will retain bicarbonate to increase the pH.
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The patient has advanced emphysema and reports experiencing dyspnea and fatigue. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate for the patient who is having difficulty with activity tolerance?
- A. Direct patient in vigorous independent ROM.
- B. Allow to exercise until respirations are over 20 breaths/min over baseline.
- C. Plan care to provide optimum rest.
- D. Provide frequent cool showers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nursing interventions will be directed at attempting to decrease the patient's anxiety and promote optimal air exchange. The nurse should allow sufficient rest periods and should assist the patient in activities of daily living.
Which instruction by the nurse is inappropriate for teaching the proper technique for collection of a sputum specimen?
- A. Bring the sputum up from the lungs.
- B. Rinse mouth with water before expectorating in specimen cup.
- C. Collect specimens after meals.
- D. Send specimen to the lab without delay.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Collecting specimens before meals will avoid possible emesis from coughing after eating.
The nurse explains that the diagnostic test that can scan the chest and the abdomen in less than 30 seconds is the ___ CT scan.
Correct Answer: spiral
Rationale: The spiral or helical CT scan can scan the chest and the abdomen in less than 30 seconds. This test is faster and more accurate.
Which action is the purpose of the cilia?
- A. Warm and moisturize inhaled air.
- B. Sweep debris toward nasal cavity.
- C. Stimulate cough reflex.
- D. Produce mucus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cilia are fine hairlike processes on the outer surfaces of small cells that produce a motion that sweeps the debris toward the nasal cavity. Large particles that are swept away stimulate the cough reflex, but not the cilia themselves.
In which manner would the nurse examining a patient with pleurisy document a low-pitched grating lung sound?
- A. Sonorous wheeze
- B. Friction rub
- C. Coarse crackles
- D. Crackles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A low-pitched grating sound in the presence of an inflammatory disorder is a friction rub.