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In which way do leukotriene modifiers reduce the symptoms of asthma?
- A. By drying up mucus
- B. By causing bronchodilation and anti-inflammation effects
- C. By suppressing cough
- D. By liquefying mucus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leukotriene modifiers reduce the symptoms of asthma by causing bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory processes.
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Which nursing intervention is for a patient, age 40, who is diagnosed with active tuberculosis?
- A. Place the patient in drainage and secretion precautions.
- B. Place the patient in acid-fast bacillus (AFB) Isolation Precautions.
- C. Maintain the patient in enteric isolation.
- D. Place the patient in any Isolation Precautions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If TB is suspected, place the patient in acid-fast bacillus (AFB) Isolation Precautions immediately.
How will the kidneys respond in respiratory acidosis?
- A. Retain bicarbonate to increase the pH.
- B. Excrete more urine to reduce potassium.
- C. Concentrate the urine to conserve circulating fluid in the bloodstream.
- D. Lower the pH by excretion of bicarbonate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In respiratory acidosis, the pH is low. The kidneys will retain bicarbonate to increase the pH.
The nurse prepares a patient for the procedure of a(n) ___ which will remove the fluid from around the lung to improve respiration and obtain a specimen.
- B. #ERROR!
Correct Answer: thoracentesis
Rationale: Often a thoracentesis will be done not only to obtain a specimen for culture to identify the causative agent, but also to relieve the dyspnea and discomfort.
The patient who had a bronchoscopy 1 hour ago asks when eating will be possible. Which response would be most helpful?
- A. In 24 hours, but must take cold liquids for the rest of the day
- B. If there is no blood in his sputum
- C. In 8 hours after a period of nothing by mouth
- D. When the gag reflex returns
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Following a bronchoscopy, the patient can eat as soon as the gag reflex returns, usually in about 2 hours.
In which way does pursed lip breathing assist patients with asthma during an attack?
- A. It distracts the patient with breathing technique to reduce anxiety.
- B. It gets rid of CO2 faster.
- C. It decreases breathing efforts.
- D. It increases PACO2.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pursed lip breathing decreases the effort of breathing.