Nokea
First-generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) are prescribed for seasonal allergies because they are:
- A. More effective than first-generation antihistamines
- B. Less sedating than the first-generation antihistamines
- C. Prescription products, therefore are covered by insurance
- D. Able to be taken with central nervous system (CNS) sedatives, such as alcohol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loratadine is a second-generation antihistamine, less sedating than first-generation ones; it's not more effective , insurance-driven , or safe with sedatives .
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A nurse is assessing the patients home medication use. After listening to the patient list current medications, the nurse asks what priority question?
- A. Do you take any generic medications?
- B. Are any of these medications orphan drugs?
- C. Are these medications safe to take during pregnancy?
- D. Do you take any over-the-counter medications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to specifically question use of over-the-counter medications because patients may not consider them important. The patient is unlikely to know the meaning of orphan drugs unless they too are health care providers. Safety during pregnancy, use of a generic medication, or classification of orphan drugs are things the patient would be unable to answer but could be found in reference books if the nurse wishes to research them.
Cecilia presents with depression associated with complaints of fatigue, sleeping all the time, and lack of motivation. An appropriate initial antidepressant for her would be:
- A. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
- B. Paroxetine (Paxil)
- C. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
- D. Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Duloxetine addresses both depression and fatigue, unlike sedating options.
When the nurse reads in the drug handbook the section related to recommended dosage, it is important to remember that this suggested dosage is based on what?
- A. A 40-year-old man
- B. An average-sized adult
- C. A 150-pound adult male
- D. A healthy young adult
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Recommended dosages are typically based on an average-sized adult, not specific age, weight, or health status unless specified.
Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to:
- A. Hair loss
- B. Insomnia
- C. Dry scales on the scalp
- D. Numbness and tingling of the hands
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency causes neurological symptoms like numbness and tingling due to nerve damage.
After teaching a group of nursing students about nonprescription drugs, the nursing instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following?
- A. They require a licensed health care provider's signature.
- B. They are referred to as over-the-counter drugs.
- C. They can be taken without risk to the client.
- D. They do not have certain labeling requirements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonprescription drugs are often referred to as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. They do not require a prescription (a licensed health care provider's signature) but do not come without risk to the client. The federal government has imposed labeling requirements of OTC drugs and they should only be taken as directed on the label unless under the supervision of a health care provider.