ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Related

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Following a gastric resection, a 70-year-old male client is admitted to the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). The client was extubated prior to leaving the OR suite. Upon arrival at the PACU, the nurse should first:

  • A. check the client's airway to feel for the amount of air exchange, noting the rate, depth, and quality of respirations.
  • B. obtain pulse and blood pressure readings, noting the rate and quality of the client's pulse.
  • C. reassure the client that his surgery is over and that he is in the recovery room.
  • D. review the doctor's orders to administer any medications ordered.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Adequate air exchange and tissue oxygenation depends upon competent respiratory function. Checking the airway is the nurse's priority action. Obtaining the vital signs is an important action, but is secondary to airway management. Re-orienting a client to time, place, and person and knowing that their surgery is over is important, but is secondary to airway management and taking vital signs. Airway management takes precedence over the physician's orders, unless the orders specifically relate to airway management.

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Why is it necessary for a nurse to assess a client’s health beliefs and practices?

  • A. For possessing knowledge of health problems affecting a particular cultural group.
  • B. For accepting each client as an individual.
  • C. For providing culturally competent care to the client.
  • D. For viewing the situation from the client’s perspective.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Assessing health beliefs ensures personalized, respectful, and effective care aligned with the client's values.

What is the primary treatment for a corneal abrasion?

  • A. Patch the eye
  • B. Topical antibiotics
  • C. Surgical repair
  • D. Analgesics
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Topical antibiotics prevent infection while the cornea heals naturally.

Felicia's family is concerned because Felicia states that she is hearing voices. This is a sign of

  • A. Bipolar disorder.
  • B. Schizophrenia.
  • C. Panic disorder.
  • D. Bulimia nervosa.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Auditory hallucinations are a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia.

What is an important nursing measure in the rehabilitation of an older adult to prevent loss of function from inactivity and immobility?

  • A. Using assistive devices such as walkers and canes
  • B. Teaching good nutrition to prevent loss of muscle mass
  • C. Performance of active and passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises
  • D. Performance of risk appraisals and assessments related to immobility
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Active and passive ROM exercises preserve mobility and prevent complications arising from prolonged immobility.

A patient with a history of asthma is scheduled for an appendectomy. Because of her asthma, you would include as part of the preoperative teaching the need to perform postoperatively

  • A. Coughing and deep breathing exercises.
  • B. Leg exercises.
  • C. Wound dressing changes.
  • D. All of these.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Deep breathing exercises help prevent postoperative complications in asthmatic patients.

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