ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Related

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When interviewing a client recently diagnosed with lung cancer and having a 60-pack-year smoking history, what is the most important action for the nurse to take?

  • A. Educate the client about the importance of quitting smoking to halt cancer progression.
  • B. Encourage the client to disclose both tobacco and marijuana use openly.
  • C. Maintain a nonjudgmental attitude to promote honest communication with the client.
  • D. Provide realistic information about cancer treatment and prognosis without giving false hope.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude promotes honest communication with the client. This is crucial in building trust and rapport, allowing the client to feel comfortable sharing important information about their health and lifestyle. It lays the foundation for effective care and support.

Choice A is not the most important action as quitting smoking, although important, may not be the immediate priority during the initial interview. Choice B, while valuable, is not as crucial as fostering an open and honest relationship with the client. Choice D, although important, may not be the primary focus during the initial meeting and may not promote the necessary trust between the client and nurse.

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What question should a nurse ask a client who has an anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter equal to the lateral chest diameter?

  • A. Are you taking any medications or herbal supplements?
  • B. Do you have any chronic breathing problems?
  • C. How often do you perform aerobic exercise?
  • D. What is your occupation and what are your hobbies?
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do you have any chronic breathing problems? This question is relevant because equal AP and lateral chest diameters can indicate a barrel chest, which is often associated with chronic breathing problems like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic breathing problems can lead to this specific chest shape due to increased lung volume. Choice A is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the physical assessment findings. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on exercise habits rather than the client's current health status. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the potential underlying health issue indicated by the chest measurements.

A patient with end-stage liver failure tells the nurse, “If I can just live to see my first grandchild who is expected in 5 months, then I can die happy.” The nurse recognizes that the patient is demonstrating which of the following stages of grieving?

  • A. Prolonged grief disorder
  • B. Kübler-Ross’s stage of bargaining
  • C. Kübler-Ross’s stage of depression
  • D. The new normal stage of the Grief Wheel.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient is expressing a desire to delay death in exchange for a significant event, characteristic of the bargaining stage in Kübler-Ross's model of grief.

What is the purpose of the Weber test?

  • A. To determine the type of hearing loss
  • B. To measure intraocular pressure
  • C. To assess color vision
  • D. To evaluate pupil response
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The Weber test helps differentiate between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.

A client is scheduled for a colonoscopy and receiving education from a healthcare provider. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

  • A. I can have clear liquids up to 2 hours before the procedure.
  • B. I need to take a laxative the night before the procedure.
  • C. I will be sedated during the procedure.
  • D. I should avoid eating solid foods for 24 hours before the procedure.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the statement indicates a need for further teaching. The client should avoid solid foods for a specific period, usually 24 hours, before a colonoscopy to ensure a clear view of the colon. This helps the healthcare provider to perform the procedure effectively and reduces the risk of complications. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because having clear liquids up to 2 hours before, taking a laxative the night before, and being sedated during the procedure are all standard preparations for a colonoscopy and do not indicate a need for further teaching.

The nurse is teaching a client who has a hip prostheses following total hip replacement. Which of the following should be included in the instructions for home care?

  • A. Avoid climbing stairs for 3 months.
  • B. Ambulate using crutches only.
  • C. Sleep only on your back.
  • D. Do not cross legs.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Crossing legs can dislocate the hip prosthesis.

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