Nokea
Following a lumbar puncture of a 2-year-old, what should the nurse do?
- A. Keep the child flat for several hours.
- B. Allow the child to play quietly at will.
- C. Hold the child in a flexed position for 5 minutes.
- D. Stand the child upright immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children younger than 3 years of age are usually not affected by postlumbar headache. These children are allowed to play at will following a lumbar puncture.
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When the newly admitted 2-year-old who was potty-trained before admission begins to wet the bed, the mother is frightened. What statement by the nurse will be most helpful to the mother?
- A. Don't be concerned. Accidents happen.
- B. Let's put a diaper on your child until this gets better.
- C. The stress of hospitalization makes children regress a little.
- D. Your child will relearn 'potty-training' if you are patient.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is not unusual for children to regress when hospitalized. Explaining that regression is normal during hospitalization will help allay the mother's anxiety.
What was one of the major strides in pediatric care made by Dr. Abraham Jacobi?
- A. Pediatric wards in hospitals
- B. Free inoculations against smallpox
- C. Milk stations in the city of New York
- D. Serving nutritious foods in orphanages
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dr. Abraham Jacobi, referred to as the father of pediatrics, initiated the establishment of milk stations in New York demonstrating how to sanitize milk for children.
What is the correct way to assess for the presence of jaundice in an African-American child?
- A. Examine the sclera.
- B. Press the edge of the pinna.
- C. Apply pressure to the gum.
- D. Compare the color on the soles of the feet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The gums in individuals with dark complexions can be used to assess jaundice by pressing the gums about the teeth.
Why does obtaining the respirations of an infant require a modified approach from that of an adult?
- A. Infants breathe through their noses.
- B. Infants have very rapid respirations.
- C. Infants' respirations are thoracic in nature.
- D. Infants' respiratory movements are abdominal.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In children under 6 or 7 years of age, respiratory movements are abdominal or diaphragmatic. Abdominal movements must be observed when counting respirations.
When discussing growth and development with the parents of a child, the nurse explains that nutrition is the single most important influence on:
- A. cognitive development.
- B. secondary sexual characteristics.
- C. the production of blood cells.
- D. the growth of bones and muscle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nutrition is probably the single most important influence on growth.