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What is one way to enhance the nutrition of the hospitalized toddler?
- A. Reward with sweets for eating meals.
- B. Discourage participation in noneating activities.
- C. Offer nutritious fluids frequently.
- D. Leave nutritious finger foods out for the child to eat.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using nutritious liquids may satisfy the nutritional needs when a toddler is 'too busy' to eat. Toddlers should not be left to eat unsupervised because of the danger of aspiration. Junk food should not be used as rewards. Activities are important and should not be discouraged.
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What was one of the major strides in pediatric care made by Dr. Abraham Jacobi?
- A. Pediatric wards in hospitals
- B. Free inoculations against smallpox
- C. Milk stations in the city of New York
- D. Serving nutritious foods in orphanages
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dr. Abraham Jacobi, referred to as the father of pediatrics, initiated the establishment of milk stations in New York demonstrating how to sanitize milk for children.
What should the nurse do to minimize an unpleasant-tasting drug?
- A. Pour the drug over ice.
- B. Squirt the drug in the mouth with a syringe.
- C. Administer the drug through a straw.
- D. Enlist the parent's assistance.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering the drug through a straw will diminish an unpleasant taste. Having the child hold the nose is helpful, as bad taste is associated with the smell of the drug. Pouring the drug over ice may result in the child not getting the entire amount of the drug. Squirting the drug into the mouth with a syringe will still allow the child to taste the medication. The parent's assistance should be enlisted, but will not minimize the taste of the drug.
A disfiguring facial wound would have the most significant developmental impact on which child?
- A. 4-year-old
- B. 6-year-old
- C. 10-year-old
- D. 14-year-old
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The adolescent fears a change in body image associated with surgery.
Following a lumbar puncture of a 2-year-old, what should the nurse do?
- A. Keep the child flat for several hours.
- B. Allow the child to play quietly at will.
- C. Hold the child in a flexed position for 5 minutes.
- D. Stand the child upright immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children younger than 3 years of age are usually not affected by postlumbar headache. These children are allowed to play at will following a lumbar puncture.
When a safety reminder device (SRD) is used to protect a child, what is a responsibility of the nurse?
- A. Apply it loosely.
- B. Remove it every 2 hours.
- C. Place it over clothing.
- D. Apply only one type.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Any SRD should be removed every 2 hours.