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Following eruption of the primary teeth, the mother can promote chewing by giving the toddler:
- A. Pieces of hot dog
- B. Carrot sticks
- C. Pieces of cereal
- D. Raisins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cereal pieces are soft, safe, and promote chewing without the choking risk posed by hot dogs, carrots, or sticky raisins in toddlers.
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The physician has discussed the need for medication with the parents of an infant with congenital hypothyroidism. The nurse can reinforce the physician's teaching by telling the parents that:
- A. The medication will be needed only during times of rapid growth.
- B. The medication will be needed throughout the child's lifetime.
- C. The medication schedule can be arranged to allow for drug holidays.
- D. The medication is given one time daily every other day.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Congenital hypothyroidism requires lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy to maintain normal metabolism and development.
A 17-year-old adolescent, diagnosed with schizophrenia, is admitted by the nurse to a psychiatric facility. Which behaviors would characterize this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
- A. flat affect
- B. fast speech pattern
- C. hallucinations
- D. feeling energized
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Flat affect and hallucinations are hallmark symptoms of schizophrenia. Fast speech or feeling energized may occur but are not specific to this diagnosis.
A post-operative client with an abdominal wound tries to reach over and take a book off the bedside table. He immediately screams and calls for the nurse. The nurse notices serosanguineous drainage coming from the incision on the abdomen. The first action the nurse should take is to
- A. cover the incision with a sterile cloth or dressing.
- B. lower the head of the bed to less than 10 degrees.
- C. check the client's vitals to assess for drop in blood pressure.
- D. call and alert the surgeon.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Covering the incision with a sterile dressing prevents contamination and infection, which is the immediate priority. Assessing vitals or notifying the surgeon follows after stabilizing the wound.
An elderly client is hospitalized for a transurethral prostatectomy. Which finding should be reported to the doctor immediately?
- A. Hourly urinary output of 40-50 cc
- B. Bright red urine with many clots
- C. Dark red urine with few clots
- D. Requests for pain med q 4 hrs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bright red urine with many clots indicates significant bleeding, a potential emergency post-transurethral prostatectomy, requiring immediate reporting.
A 3-year-old child had a PPD skin test 2 days ago. When the mother brings the child back to the clinic to have the nurse check the results, the nurse notes a 10 mm area of induration. This is considered
- A. an inconclusive skin test.
- B. a positive skin test.
- C. a negative skin test.
- D. too early to determine the results.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 10 mm induration 48-72 hours post-PPD is positive in children, indicating TB exposure, especially in high-risk groups.