Nokea
Following is the example of second generation antihistaminic:
- A. Diphenhydramine
- B. Promethazine
- C. Chlorpheniramine
- D. Cetirizine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cetirizine is a second-generation antihistamine with less sedation due to reduced CNS penetration, unlike first-generation drugs like diphenhydramine, promethazine, and chlorpheniramine.
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Etidronate is prescribed for a postmenopausal woman who is at great risk for developing osteoporosis. Which of the following adverse effects to this drug is the patient most likely to experience?
- A. Tetany
- B. Cholelithiasis
- C. Esophagitis
- D. Renal damage from calcium stone formation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bisphosphonates like etidronate commonly cause esophagitis if not taken properly.
The volume of distribution (Vd) for a drug highly bound in peripheral tissues would be?
- A. High
- B. Low
- C. Unchanged
- D. Cannot be determined
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A drug highly bound in peripheral tissues has a high Vd, as it distributes extensively beyond plasma, often exceeding total body water (e.g., >0.6 L/kg).
A nurse manager is reviewing the facility's policies for IV therapy with the members of his team. The nurse manager should remind the team that which of the following techniques helps minimize the risk of catheter embolism?
- A. Performing hand hygiene before and after IV insertion
- B. Rotating IV sites at least every 72 hr
- C. Minimizing tourniquet time
- D. Avoiding reinserting the needle into an IV catheter
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding needle reinsertion prevents shearing of the catheter, reducing embolism risk.
A 60 year old male patient with a history of postural hypotension has just been diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Which ONE of the following drugs is most suitable for the management of his condition?
- A. Prazosin
- B. Terazosin
- C. Doxazosin
- D. Tamsulosin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tamsulosin, a selective alpha-1A blocker, minimizes postural hypotension compared to non-selective options.
When completing the check to ensure that the right drug is being administered to the client, which of the following should the nurse compare?
- A. Medication
- B. Container label
- C. Medication record
- D. All the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse compares the medication, container label, and medication record and then the MAR as the item is removed from the cart and before the actual administration of the drug.