Nokea
Food in the gastrointestinal tract affects drug absorption by:
- A. Altering the pH of the colon, which decreases absorption
- B. Competing with the drug for plasma proteins
- C. Altering gastric emptying time
- D. Altering the pH of urine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Food alters gastric emptying time, which can delay or enhance drug absorption depending on the drug's properties.
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval is required for:
- A. Medical devices, including artificial joints
- B. Over-the-counter vitamins
- C. Herbal products, such as St John's wort
- D. Dietary supplements, such as Ensure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: FDA approval is required for medical devices like artificial joints , but not OTC vitamins, herbal products, or supplements (B-D), which have lighter oversight.
Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by a drug such as quinidine may lead to:
- A. Decreased therapeutic levels of quinidine
- B. Increased therapeutic levels of quinidine
- C. Decreased levels of a coadministered drug, such as digoxin, that requires P-glycoprotein for absorption and elimination
- D. Increased levels of a coadministered drug, such as digoxin, that requires P-glycoprotein for absorption and elimination
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Quinidine inhibits P-glycoprotein, increasing levels of drugs like digoxin by reducing efflux, not affecting quinidine itself or lowering digoxin .
Twenty-year-old Annie comes to the clinic complaining of copious yellow-green eye discharge. Gram stain indicates she most likely has gonococcal conjunctivitis. While awaiting the culture results, the plan of care should be:
- A. None, wait for the culture results to determine the course of treatment
- B. Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) ophthalmic drops
- C. IM ceftriaxone
- D. High-dose oral amoxicillin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gonococcal conjunctivitis requires urgent IM ceftriaxone; waiting risks progression.
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of Fluticasone to treat Perennial Rhinitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should use the spray every 4 hours while I am awake.
- B. It can take as long as 3 weeks before the medication takes a maximum effect.
- C. This medication can also be used to treat motion sickness.
- D. I can use this medication when my nasal passages are blocked.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluticasone takes up to 3 weeks for full effect , a key point for managing expectations.
What aspect of pharmacology does a nurse study? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Adverse and anticipated drug effects
- B. Molecular pharmacology
- C. Impact of drugs on the body
- D. The body's response to a drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses study pharmacology from a pharmacotherapeutic level, which includes the effect of drugs on the body, the body's response to drugs, and both expected and unexpected drug effects. Chemical and molecular pharmacology (Options A and B) are not included in nursing pharmacology courses.