Nokea
There is sufficient evidence to support the use of omega-3 fatty acids to treat the following disease(s):
- A. Asthma
- B. Autism
- C. Arthritis
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids are supported for arthritis treatment due to anti-inflammatory effects.
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Acetyl salicylate & phenobarbitone are better absorbed from stomach because they are
- A. Weak acids remain non-ionic in gastric pH
- B. Weak acids remain ionic in gastric pH
- C. Strong acids fully ionized in gastric pH
- D. Weak bases which are ionized at gastric pH
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weak acids like acetyl salicylate (aspirin) and phenobarbitone remain non-ionic in the acidic pH of the stomach, facilitating their absorption through passive diffusion across the gastric mucosa.
Competitive antagonists.
- A. Dissociate from receptors faster than their respective agonists
- B. Alter the shape of the log dose response curve of an agonist
- C. According to the rate theory have low dissociation rate constants
- D. Initiate the opposite cellular response to receptor occupancy to that obtained by the agonist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Competitive antagonists have low dissociation rates per rate theory, allowing them to block agonists effectively.
Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by a drug such as quinidine may lead to:
- A. Decreased therapeutic levels of quinidine
- B. Increased therapeutic levels of quinidine
- C. Decreased levels of a coadministered drug, such as digoxin, that requires P-glycoprotein for absorption and elimination
- D. Increased levels of a coadministered drug, such as digoxin, that requires P-glycoprotein for absorption and elimination
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Quinidine inhibits P-glycoprotein, increasing levels of drugs like digoxin by reducing efflux, not affecting quinidine itself or lowering digoxin .
The decision may be made to switch from twice daily neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin to insulin glargine to improve glycemia control throughout the day. If this is done:
- A. The initial dose of glargine is reduced by 20% to avoid hypoglycemia
- B. The initial dose of glargine is 2 to 10 units per day
- C. Patients who have been on high doses of NPH will need tests for insulin antibodies
- D. Obese patients may require more than 100 units per day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Switching to glargine reduces the dose by 20% to prevent hypoglycemia due to its steady action vs. NPH peaks.
A nurse is completing a nursing history for a client who takes Simvastatin. The nurse should identify which of the following disorders as a contraindication to adding Ezetimibe to the client's medications?
- A. History of severe constipation
- B. History of hypertension
- C. Active hepatitis C
- D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Active hepatitis C contraindicates ezetimibe due to increased liver risk with statins.