Nokea
For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should include which intervention in the plan of care?
- A. Administering aspirin if the temperature exceeds 102â—‹1 F (38.8â—‹0 C)
- B. inspecting the skin for petechiae once every shift
- C. providing for frequent rest periods
- D. Placing the client in strict isolation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing for frequent rest periods is the most appropriate intervention for a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia is characterized by a decreased number of platelets, which are essential for blood clotting. Clients with thrombocytopenia are at an increased risk for bleeding and bruising. Therefore, it is important to prevent activities that may lead to injury or bleeding. Providing frequent rest periods allows the client to conserve energy and minimize the risk of trauma that could lead to bleeding complications. This intervention helps manage the symptoms associated with thrombocytopenia and promotes the client's safety and well-being.
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Where would nonpathologic cyanosis normally be present in the newborn shortly after birth?
- A. Feet and hands
- B. Bridge of nose
- C. Circumoral area
- D. Mucous membranes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nonpathologic cyanosis in newborns shortly after birth is typically seen in the mucous membranes, such as the lips and oral mucosa. This transient cyanosis is caused by the normal physiologic response of the newborn's immature circulatory system adjusting to extrauterine life. As oxygenation improves and blood circulation stabilizes, the cyanosis will usually resolve within the first few days after birth. It is important for healthcare providers to distinguish between pathologic and nonpathologic cyanosis in newborns to ensure appropriate management and monitoring.
Nurse Norma's discharge teaching for Mr. Aurelio, diagnosed with heart failure, should stress the significance of:
- A. maintaining a sedentary lifestyle most of the day
- B. obtain daily weights at the same time
- C. walking 2 miles daily
- D. maintaining a high fiber die
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurse Norma's discharge teaching for Mr. Aurelio, diagnosed with heart failure, should stress the significance of obtaining daily weights at the same time. Daily weights help monitor fluid retention, a key indicator of worsening heart failure. Sudden weight gain may signal fluid buildup in the body, while weight loss may indicate dehydration or treatment effectiveness. By obtaining daily weights at the same time each day, Mr. Aurelio can track changes and provide valuable information for his healthcare team to adjust his treatment plan accordingly. This practice is crucial in managing heart failure and preventing exacerbations.
Which vitamin is recommended for all women of childbearing age to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida?
- A. A
- B. C
- C. Niacin
- D. Folic acid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Folic acid is the correct answer. All women of childbearing age are recommended to take folic acid to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida in their offspring. Neural tube defects occur in the early stages of pregnancy, often before a woman even knows she is pregnant, which is why it is important for all women of childbearing age to ensure they have adequate folic acid intake. Folic acid is a B vitamin that helps the body make new cells and plays a crucial role in the development of the baby's neural tube, which eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord. Adequate folic acid intake before and during pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of neural tube defects. That's why it is recommended for all women of childbearing age to take a daily folic acid supplement or consume foods fortified with folic acid.
What are the periods in life when the need for iron increases?
- A. Pregnancy
- B. Infancy
- C. Old age
- D. Male reproductive years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The need for iron increases during pregnancy primarily due to the increased blood volume to support the growing fetus and placenta. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which helps transport oxygen to both the mother and the developing baby. Pregnant women often require more iron to prevent iron deficiency anemia, which can have negative effects on both the mother and the baby. It is important for pregnant women to consume enough iron-rich foods or take iron supplements as recommended by their healthcare provider to support a healthy pregnancy.
Granulocytic sarcoma masses are commonly seen in which type of the following malignancies?
- A. neuroblastoma
- B. rhabdomyosarcoma
- C. soft tissue sarcoma
- D. AML
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Granulocytic sarcoma is most commonly associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).