Nokea
For what is this child at the highest risk?
- A. Metabolic alkalosis
- B. Hypocalcemia
- C. Sepsis
- D. Shock
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe isotonic dehydration puts the child at highest risk for shock due to significant fluid loss.
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What dietary modification would the nurse advise?
- A. Soft foods with rice, bananas, toast, and applesauce
- B. Small amounts of clear fluids such as gelatin
- C. An oral rehydrating solution, such as Pedialyte
- D. Chicken soup because it is high in sodium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An oral rehydrating solution like Pedialyte replaces fluids and electrolytes lost in mild diarrhea.
What interventions will the nurse perform when feeding a child with pyloric stenosis?
- A. Give a formula thinned with water.
- B. Burp the infant before and during feeding.
- C. Give the feeding slowly.
- D. Refeed if the infant vomits.
- E. Position infant on left side after feeding.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Burping, slow feeding, and refeeding if vomiting occurs help manage pyloric stenosis; the infant is positioned on the right side, not left.
What will be included regarding primary sources of lead in the community?
- A. Increased lead content of air
- B. Use of aluminum cookware
- C. Deteriorating paint in older buildings
- D. Inhaling smog
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deteriorating paint in older buildings is a primary source of lead exposure in children.
Why are infants more vulnerable to fluid and electrolyte imbalances than adults?
- A. They have a smaller surface area than adults in proportion to body weight.
- B. Water needs and losses per kilogram are lower than those for adults.
- C. A greater percentage of body water in infants is extracellular.
- D. Infants have a lower metabolic turnover of water.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A higher percentage of extracellular water in infants increases their vulnerability to fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
Which grain will the nurse explain can be eaten with celiac disease?
- A. Wheat
- B. Oats
- C. Barley
- D. Rice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rice is a gluten-free grain safe for children with celiac disease, unlike wheat, oats, and barley.