Nokea
For which condition would the use of salt tablets be considered?
- A. Mild deficits of serum sodium
- B. Severe deficits of serum magnesium
- C. Severe deficits of serum potassium
- D. Severe deficits of serum calcium
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Salt tablets are used to correct mild sodium deficits by providing additional sodium chloride.
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A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD tells the nurse, 'I can feel the congestion in my lungs, and I certainly cough a lot, but I can't seem to bring anything up.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help this client with tenacious bronchial secretions?
- A. Maintaining a semi-Fowler's position as often as possible
- B. Administering oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min
- C. Helping the client select a low-salt diet
- D. Encouraging the client to drink 2 to 3 L of water daily
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Encouraging the client to drink 2 to 3 L of water daily. Increased fluid intake helps to thin out bronchial secretions, making them easier to cough up. Step-by-step rationale:
1. Increased water intake promotes hydration, which thins mucus in the airways.
2. Thinner mucus is easier to expectorate, aiding in clearing airway congestion.
3. Adequate hydration also helps to prevent dehydration, which can further thicken secretions.
Summary:
A: Maintaining a semi-Fowler's position may help with breathing comfort but does not directly address the issue of thick secretions.
B: Administering oxygen is important for COPD patients but does not specifically target bronchial secretions.
C: Selecting a low-salt diet is beneficial for managing fluid retention but does not directly address the issue of tenacious bronchial secretions.
How would you respond to a family member experiencing anticipatory grieving who emotionally withdraws from the client?
- A. Encourage continued engagement and communication.
- B. Allow space while offering support and reassurance.
- C. Advise them to focus solely on practical matters.
- D. Recommend avoiding the client until after their passing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Offering support while respecting emotional withdrawal helps family members process grief at their own pace.
During the rehabilitation of a patient with limited mobility, how can decubitus ulcers be prevented?
- A. Turning the patient every 4 hours
- B. Using a heat lamp on reddened areas
- C. Applying vitamin C to bony prominences
- D. Keeping the skin clean, dry, and well lubricated
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining skin integrity through cleanliness and moisture management prevents pressure ulcers.
Can a client use massage along with chemotherapy treatments for breast cancer?
- A. I would think about this,as it may harm the chemotherapy treatment.
- B. I think it would be worth trying,especially since you said you ache after chemotherapy.
- C. There are other therapies out there that might help you better.
- D. I can’t tell you that,as your doctor would have to approve.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Massage therapy can alleviate side effects like pain and fatigue, complementing chemotherapy when approved by healthcare providers.
What diet would be most appropriate for Mr. Puff on discharge?
- A. Low-calorie, low-sodium
- B. Regular, with increase in milk and milk products
- C. Regular, with increase in onions, peas, cabbage
- D. Soft, with small frequent feedings
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Small, frequent meals prevent overeating and reduce respiratory workload.