Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank

Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Related

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Four-year-old Brian appears to be upset by hospitalization. Which is an appropriate intervention?

  • A. Let him know it is all right to cry.
  • B. Give him time to gain control of himself.
  • C. Show him how other children are cooperating.
  • D. Tell him what a big boy he is to be so quiet.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Option A, "Let him know it is all right to cry," is the most appropriate intervention for a four-year-old like Brian who appears to be upset by hospitalization. Acknowledging and validating his emotions, including the possibility of crying, is important for his emotional well-being. By letting Brian know it is okay to express his feelings, he can feel supported and understood during a potentially difficult time. It is crucial for children to feel that their emotions are valid and accepted, promoting their emotional resilience and coping skills. This approach fosters trust and comfort, helping Brian navigate his emotions in a healthy way.

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The initial neurological symptom of Guilain-Barre Syndrome is:

  • A. Absent tendon reflex
  • B. Paresthesia of the legs
  • C. Dysrhythmias
  • D. Transient hypertension
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The initial neurological symptom of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is typically paresthesia, which is a tingling or numbness sensation in the legs. GBS is an autoimmune disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis. As the condition progresses, symptoms may worsen and may include absent tendon reflexes, weakness in the arms and legs, and difficulty breathing. However, paresthesia is often one of the earliest and most common symptoms of GBS.

Which of the following complications can occur if a clotted cannula is aggressively flushed?

  • A. A clot can enter the circulation.
  • B. An air embolism can enter the circulation.
  • C. A painful arterial spasm can occur.
  • D. Fluid extravasation into surrounding tissue can occur.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: If a clotted cannula is aggressively flushed, there is a risk that the clot may break apart and enter the circulation. This can lead to serious complications such as embolism, where the clot travels through the blood vessels and blocks blood flow to vital organs. It is important to handle clotted cannulas with care to prevent such complications from occurring.

Prenatal screening is recommended for all pregnant women to detect neural tube defect. If a neural tube defect is present, one of the following is often elevated

  • A. human chorionic gonadotropin
  • B. a-fetoprotein
  • C. estriol
  • D. inhibin
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are elevated in maternal serum when a neural tube defect is present due to fetal leakage of AFP into the amniotic fluid and maternal circulation.

Hepatitis C virus infection is a risk factor for which of the following malignancy?

  • A. hepatoblastoma
  • B. splenic lymphoma
  • C. Hodgkin lymphoma
  • D. nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hepatitis C is a known risk factor for splenic lymphoma and other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.

The pediatric nurse advises a parent how to best convey the circumstances surrounding the sudden death of an 18-month-old patient to a four-year-old sibling. The nurse anticipates that the sibling:

  • A. may feel guilty about the patient's death.
  • B. may mistrust the parent.
  • C. understands the permanence of death.
  • D. will role-play the patient's death.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Young children often struggle with understanding death and may internalize feelings of guilt, believing they had a role in the event.

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