Nokea
Fred is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia. Which of the following would Nurse Nica expect to assess?
- A. Mild cough
- B. Slight fever
- C. Chest pain
- D. Bulging fontanel
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chest pain is a common symptom seen in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. It can result from inflammation of the pleura or irritation of the diaphragm due to the infection. While cough and fever are also common symptoms, chest pain is particularly significant in pneumonia cases as it can be a distressing symptom for the patient and may indicate complications or severity of the infection. Bulging fontanel, on the other hand, is more indicative of conditions affecting infants and is not typically associated with pneumococcal pneumonia in a 12-year-old boy.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 2-year-old client is admitted for an acute asthma episode. The hospital provides family-centered care. In explaining the program to the parents, the nurse would explain that the parents are:
- A. Required to implement all personal hygiene care for their child.
- B. Encouraged to be as involved with the child's care as they are comfortable being.
- C. Requested to administer all oral medications.
- D. Expected to be present at the child's bedside.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family-centered care involves encouraging parents to actively participate in their child's care based on their comfort level. This approach promotes collaboration between healthcare providers and families, enhancing the quality of care and ensuring the family's involvement in decision-making. Choice A is incorrect because parents are encouraged to participate, not required to implement all personal hygiene care. Choice C is incorrect as it implies a specific action rather than the broader concept of involvement. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses solely on physical presence rather than active participation in care.
When working with a new adolescent patient, which greeting by the nurse indicates awareness of the needs of the adolescent client?
- A. I will talk with your parents first, and then you can tell me why you are here.
- B. Please let me know what your concerns are, and if you have any questions.
- C. Before we begin, I will need to know if you are sexually active.
- D. I will do the physical exam first, and then we will talk about your history.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The greeting 'Please let me know what your concerns are, and if you have any questions.' indicates awareness of the needs of the adolescent client. It encourages open communication, allows the adolescent to voice their concerns, and shows that their questions are welcomed and valued, fostering a trusting nurse-patient relationship. Choices A, C, and D do not prioritize the adolescent's perspective or promote open communication. Asking to talk to the parents first (Choice A) may hinder the adolescent's autonomy and trust. Inquiring about sexual activity (Choice C) may be necessary but should be approached with sensitivity and privacy. Doing the physical exam first (Choice D) before discussing the patient's history may not align with the adolescent's need for communication and understanding.
What is the most appropriate technique to use when explaining a central line dressing change to a preschool-age client?
- A. Show a picture of the procedure in a book.
- B. Explain the procedure with clear instructions.
- C. Let the child perform a dressing change on a doll.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate technique to use when explaining a central line dressing change to a preschool-age client is to let the child perform a dressing change on a doll. Preschool-age children learn best through play and hands-on activities. Allowing the child to practice on a doll helps them understand the procedure in a non-threatening and interactive way. This technique can reduce anxiety, increase cooperation, and enhance the child's understanding of the dressing change process. Choices A and B do not provide a hands-on approach, which is crucial for preschool-age children. Choice D is incorrect as providing an interactive experience is more effective than just showing pictures or giving verbal instructions.
When a father asks why his child with tetralogy of Fallot seems to favor a squatting position, the nurse would explain that squatting:
- A. Increases peripheral vascular resistance
- B. Decreases arterial blood flow away from the heart
- C. It's a common resting position when a child is tachycardic
- D. Increases the workload of the heart
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Squatting increases systemic vascular resistance, which leads to a reduction in the right-to-left shunting of blood in children with tetralogy of Fallot. This helps improve oxygenation by balancing the pulmonary and systemic blood flow. The squatting position decreases the pressure in the right ventricle and reduces the magnitude of the right-to-left shunt by increasing afterload, thereby improving oxygenation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because squatting does not decrease arterial blood flow away from the heart, is not related to being tachycardic, and does not increase the workload of the heart.
During the 'Provide practical treatment' phase, what is the nurse expected to do?
- A. Greet the mother and inquire about the history
- B. Assess for danger signs
- C. Give appropriate treatment
- D. Check vital signs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During the 'Provide practical treatment' phase, the nurse is expected to give appropriate treatment to address the patient's needs. This involves implementing the necessary medical interventions or care based on the assessment findings and treatment plan. While greeting the mother, assessing for danger signs, and checking vital signs are important aspects of patient care, the focal point during this phase is to administer the specific treatment required to manage the patient's condition effectively.