Nokea
Frequent complications of Mycoplasma infection include:
- A. Thrombocytopenia
- B. Haemolytic anaemia
- C. Cardiac conduction defects
- D. Pleural effusion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Haemolytic anaemia: Mycoplasma infections, particularly with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, can lead to autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, where the body’s immune system destroys red blood cells.
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One-year-old child:
- A. Holds a raisin with a finger and thumb
- B. Drinks with a straw
- C. Tells six words with meaning
- D. Can move around holding onto furniture (cruising)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: By one year of age, most children can cruise (move around while holding onto furniture), a key milestone in motor development.
Azathioprine:
- A. Is a prodrug
- B. Is teratogenic
- C. Should be avoided in liver disease
- D. Dose should be increased when given with allopurinol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Azathioprine is a prodrug. It is not highly teratogenic, can be used in liver disease with caution, and its dose should be reduced with allopurinol.
Drug of choice for infective endocarditis due to HACEK organisms is
- A. Vancomycin
- B. Gentamicin
- C. Ampicillin
- D. Ceftriaxone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ceftriaxone is the drug of choice for infective endocarditis due to HACEK organisms.
During a well-child checkup for an infant with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), the child develops severe respiratory distress and becomes cyanotic. The nurse's first action should be to:
- A. Lay the child flat to promote hemostasis
- B. Lay the child flat with legs elevated to increase blood flow to the heart
- C. Sit the child on the parent's lap, with legs dangling, to promote venous pooling
- D. Hold the child in knee-chest position to decrease venous blood return
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance (SVR), which increases blood flow to the pulmonary artery.
Absent jugular venous pulsations are described in patients with
- A. Atrial paralysis
- B. Budd Chiari syndrome
- C. Endomyocardial fibrosis with giant right atrium
- D. Fontan procedure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Absent jugular venous pulsations are described in patients with the Fontan procedure due to the absence of a right atrial pump.