Nokea
Fructose is the sugar found in:
- A. bread.
- B. gelatin desserts.
- C. sugar-coated cereals.
- D. honey and fruit.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fructose is a sugar naturally found in honey and fruit. While bread contains carbohydrates, it does not primarily consist of fructose. Gelatin desserts are more likely to contain added sugars like sucrose rather than fructose. Sugar-coated cereals typically contain sucrose or other added sugars, not just fructose. Therefore, the correct answer is honey and fruit as they naturally contain fructose.
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Which of the following saturated fats does not contain cholesterol?
- A. Butter
- B. Coconut oil
- C. Eggs
- D. Fish
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Coconut oil. Coconut oil is a saturated fat derived from plants and does not contain cholesterol, unlike the other options. Butter (choice A) is an animal-derived saturated fat that contains cholesterol. Eggs (choice C) and fish (choice D) also contain cholesterol, making them incorrect choices. Therefore, coconut oil is the only option that is a saturated fat and does not contain cholesterol.
Sucrose consists of a combination of glucose and:
- A. maltose.
- B. fructose.
- C. galactose.
- D. lactose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, fructose. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. Maltose (choice A) is composed of two glucose molecules, galactose (choice C) is a monosaccharide, and lactose (choice D) is composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose. Therefore, fructose is the correct choice for the second component of sucrose.
Why is fat important in the diet?
- A. It supplies a constant source of vitamins.
- B. It speeds up the digestive process.
- C. It provides satiety.
- D. It stimulates the release of important digestive enzymes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fat is important in the diet because it provides satiety. Fat slows down digestion and absorption, which helps in making you feel full longer. This feeling of fullness is crucial in controlling food intake and managing weight. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because fat's main role in providing satiety is related to slowing down digestion, not supplying a constant source of vitamins, speeding up digestion, or stimulating the release of digestive enzymes. While some types of fats can provide certain vitamins, the main purpose of fat in satiety is not vitamin supply.
During lactation, where is lactose synthesized in the body?
- A. Liver
- B. Breast
- C. Kidney
- D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Breast. Lactose is synthesized in the breast during lactation to produce breastmilk. The liver is responsible for various metabolic functions but does not synthesize lactose. The kidney's primary role is in filtering blood and regulating electrolytes, not lactose synthesis. The pancreas is involved in producing digestive enzymes and insulin, not lactose synthesis.
Why are diets that contain less than 10% of kcalories as fat not recommended?
- A. Intake of carbohydrates would not necessarily be too high.
- B. This would not necessarily require excessive use of fat replacers.
- C. The diet would not provide adequate essential fatty acids.
- D. Intake of essential fatty acids would be too low.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diets that contain less than 10% of kcalories as fat are not recommended because they would lead to inadequate intake of essential fatty acids, which are crucial for various bodily functions like hormone production, brain function, and cell membrane structure. Option A is incorrect because reducing fat intake does not necessarily mean increasing carbohydrate intake excessively. Option B is incorrect as it introduces a new concept of using fat replacers, which is not directly related to the issue of essential fatty acid intake. Option C is incorrect as the primary concern with low-fat diets is the insufficiency of essential fatty acids, not the adequacy of them.