Nokea
Galactosaemia:
- A. Exhibits autosomal recessive inheritance
- B. Is associated with cataracts
- C. Results in a low glucose level
- D. Is due to an inability to convert galactose into glucose
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Galactosaemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. It is associated with cataracts and results from the inability to convert galactose into glucose.
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Recognized features in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome include:
- A. Mutation in fibrillin gene
- B. Short stature
- C. Keratoconus
- D. Easy scarring
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Easy scarring: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a connective tissue disorder characterized by hyperelastic skin, joint hypermobility, and easy bruising and scarring.
These causes often cause secretory diarrhoea except:
- A. Lactose intolerance
- B. E. coli infection
- C. Congenital chloridorrhoea
- D. Blind loop syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because lactose intolerance causes osmotic diarrhoea, not secretory diarrhoea. The other options (b-e) are causes of secretory diarrhoea.
A child has an elevated antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer. Which combination of symptoms, in conjunction with this finding, would confirm a diagnosis of rheumatic fever?
- A. Subcutaneous nodules and fever
- B. Painful, tender joints, and carditis
- C. Erythema marginatum and arthralgia
- D. Chorea and elevated sedimentation rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of two major Jones criteria would indicate a high probability of rheumatic fever.
An asymptomatic 45-year old male with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and normal echo, refused cardioversion while suggested. The next optimal management strategy for him is
- A. Sedate and cardiovert against patient wishes
- B. Aspirin
- C. Anticoagulation
- D. Rate control
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rate control is the optimal management strategy for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation when cardioversion is refused.
The clinic nurse reviews the record of a child just seen by the health care provider and diagnosed with suspected aortic stenosis. The nurse expects to note documentation of which clinical manifestation specifically found in this disorder?
- A. Pallor
- B. Hyperactivity
- C. Exercise intolerance
- D. Gastrointestinal disturbances
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exercise intolerance is a common clinical manifestation of aortic stenosis due to the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood during increased physical activity.