Nokea
Ginseng, which is taken to assist with memory, may potentiate:
- A. Aricept
- B. Insulin
- C. Digoxin
- D. Propranolol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ginseng can increase digoxin levels, potentially leading to toxicity.
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All of the following pairs of drug compete for the same receptors except
- A. Ranitidine and histamine
- B. Metoclopramide and dopamine
- C. Dicyclomine and adrenaline
- D. Benzhexol and acetylcholine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dicyclomine (anticholinergic) and adrenaline (adrenergic) act on different receptors; others compete at the same receptor sites.
Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed to treat a client with erectile dysfunction. A nurse reviews the client's medical record and would question the prescription if which of the following is noted in the client's history?
- A. Neuralgia
- B. Insomnia
- C. Use of nitroglycerin
- D. Use of multivitamins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sildenafil (Viagra) enhances the vasodilating effect of nitric oxide in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, thus sustaining an erection. Because of the effect of the medication, it is contraindicated with concurrent use of organic nitrates and nitroglycerin. Sildenafil is not contraindicated with the use of vitamins. Neuralgia and insomnia are side effects of the medication.
All are pro drugs except
- A. Sulindac
- B. Codeine
- C. Talampicillin
- D. Chlorpromazine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chlorpromazine is active as is; others are prodrugs.
The patient asks the nurse, Is it safe to take over-the-counter (OTC) medications with prescription medications? What is the nurses best response?(Select one that does not apply.)
- A. OTC medications can interact with prescription medications.
- B. It is important to tell your doctor all medications you take, including OTC.
- C. OTC medications could mask or hide signs and symptoms of a disease.
- D. You should avoid taking any OTC medication when taking prescription drugs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: OTC medications can interact with prescription medications or other OTC so it is always important to consult your pharmacist and provider for advice. To provide the most accurate instruction, the health care provider must know all medications taken including dietary supplements, OTC, and prescription. OTC medications could mask or hide symptoms of a disease so it is always important to consult a physician if symptoms persist. OTC medications are not prohibited when taking prescription drugs as long as no drug interaction occurs.
A nurse is teaching a client who has schizophrenia strategies to cope with anticholinergic effects of Fluphenazine. Which of the following should the nurse suggest to the client to minimize anticholinergic effects?
- A. Take the medication in the morning to prevent insomnia.
- B. Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth.
- C. Use cooling measures to decrease fever.
- D. Take an antacid to relieve nausea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chewing gum relieves dry mouth, a common anticholinergic effect of fluphenazine.