Nokea
Which of the following adverse effects may occur due to a dihydropyridine-type calcium channel blocker?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Hepatic impairment
- C. Increased contractility
- D. Edema of the hands and feet
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dihydropyridines (e.g., amlodipine) cause peripheral edema due to vasodilation.
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Which statement best describes drug efficacy/toxicity in pediatric clients?
- A. Drug requirements for infants have been extensively studied.
- B. Drug dosage is altered by age and weight in children.
- C. Children always need smaller doses of medication than adults.
- D. Infants and children are always at greater risk for drug toxicity with any medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric dosing adjusts for age and weight to ensure efficacy and minimize toxicity, reflecting developmental differences.
Which of the following reflects a nurse's responsibility when a drug is prescribed for a client? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Administering the drug to the client
- B. Monitoring for therapeutic response
- C. Checking for drug-drug interactions
- D. Reporting adverse reactions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a drug is prescribed to a client, the nurse is responsible for the administration of the drug, monitoring for therapeutic effects, reporting adverse drug reactions, and teaching the client information needed to administer the drug safely at home. A pharmacist checks for drug-drug interactions prior to dispensing a drug for administration.
What is the responsibility of the nurse related to the patient's drug therapy? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Teaching the patient how to cope with therapy to ensure the best outcome
- B. Providing therapy as well as medications
- C. Changing of therapy routines
- D. Altering the drug regimen to optimize outcome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurses teach patients, evaluate therapy effectiveness, but do not alter regimens (physician's role) or provide therapy beyond medication administration.
A 66-year-old male was prescribed phenelzine (Nardil) while in an acute psychiatric unit for recalcitrant depression. The NP managing his primary health care needs to understand the following regarding phenelzine and other monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs):
- A. He should not be prescribed any serotonergic drug such as sumatriptan (Imitrex)
- B. MAOIs interact with many common foods, including yogurt, sour cream, and soy sauce
- C. Symptoms of hypertensive crisis (headache, tachycardia, sweating) require immediate treatment
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MAOIs have serotonergic interactions, food restrictions (tyramine), and hypertensive crisis risks.
Prostaglandins play pathophysiological role in the following EXCEPT:
- A. Patency of ductus arteriosus
- B. Regulation of renal tubular salt absorption
- C. Ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction
- D. Initiation of labour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prostaglandins maintain ductus arteriosus patency, regulate renal salt absorption, and initiate labor, but ventricular remodeling post-myocardial infarction is primarily driven by other factors like cytokines and neurohormones.