Nokea
The first laboratory value indication that vitamin B12 therapy is adequately treating pernicious anemia is:
- A. Hematocrit levels start to rise
- B. Hemoglobin levels return to normal
- C. Reticulocyte count begins to rise
- D. Vitamin B12 levels return to normal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reticulocyte count rise signals early bone marrow response to B12, preceding hemoglobin or hematocrit increases.
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Digoxin may cause a type A adverse drug reaction due to:
- A. Idiosyncratic effects
- B. Its narrow therapeutic index
- C. Being a teratogen
- D. Being a carcinogen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin's narrow therapeutic index leads to Type A (dose-related) ADRs like toxicity, not idiosyncratic or teratogenic/carcinogenic effects .
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 6 hr PRN for pain. The amount available is acetaminophen liquid 500 mg/5 mL. how many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 6.5
- B. 5
- C. 4.8
- D. 6
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 650 mg ÷ (500 mg/5 mL) = 6.5 mL, matching the answer.
A patient is brought to the emergency department by a family member. The patient reports seeing colored lights and describes feeling bugs crawling under the skin. The nurse suspects that this patient is abusing which drug?
- A. Alcohol
- B. Cocaine
- C. LSD
- D. Methamphetamine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cocaine causes stimulant psychosis with visual (lights) and tactile (bugs) hallucinations; LSD differs in effect. A stimulant psychosis can occur with chronic use of any stimulant and, with cocaine, progresses to visual hallucinations of colored lights and tactile hallucinations of bugs crawling under the skin.
Where are tight junctions created by two adjoining cells located?
- A. Bone
- B. Brain
- C. Skin
- D. Liver
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tight junctions are prominent in the brain (blood-brain barrier), restricting drug entry, unlike the liver (fenestrated) or bone/skin (different barriers).
Prostaglandins play pathophysiological role in the following EXCEPT:
- A. Patency of ductus arteriosus
- B. Regulation of renal tubular salt absorption
- C. Ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction
- D. Initiation of labour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prostaglandins maintain ductus arteriosus patency, regulate renal salt absorption, and initiate labor, but ventricular remodeling post-myocardial infarction is primarily driven by other factors like cytokines and neurohormones.