Nokea
Nicotine has a variety of effects on nicotinic receptors throughout the body. Which of the following is NOT an effect of nicotine?
- A. Vasodilation and decreased heart rate
- B. Increased secretion of gastric acid and motility of the GI smooth muscle
- C. Release of dopamine at the pleasure center
- D. Stimulation of the locus coeruleus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nicotine causes vasoconstriction and increased heart rate, not vasodilation.
You may also like to solve these questions
All of the following pairs of drug compete for the same receptors except
- A. Ranitidine and histamine
- B. Metoclopramide and dopamine
- C. Dicyclomine and adrenaline
- D. Benzhexol and acetylcholine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dicyclomine (anticholinergic) and adrenaline (adrenergic) act on different receptors; others compete at the same receptor sites.
The nurse is reviewing the patient's admission medication orders. What order would the nurse to question?
- A. Digoxin .5 mg orally now give one dose only
- B. Lasix 20 mg. IV every 4 hours times 3
- C. Gentamicin 80 mg IV to infuse over 1 hour every 12 hours
- D. Acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 4 hours as needed for pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Digoxin .5 mg (0.5 mg) is a high initial dose; typical is 0.125-0.25 mg, requiring clarification.
Which of the following reflects a nurse's responsibility when a drug is prescribed for a client? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Administering the drug to the client
- B. Monitoring for therapeutic response
- C. Checking for drug-drug interactions
- D. Reporting adverse reactions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a drug is prescribed to a client, the nurse is responsible for the administration of the drug, monitoring for therapeutic effects, reporting adverse drug reactions, and teaching the client information needed to administer the drug safely at home. A pharmacist checks for drug-drug interactions prior to dispensing a drug for administration.
Renal damage is a potential adverse effect of aminoglycosides. In what part of the kidney are aminoglycosides retained which causes this effect?
- A. Distal tubule
- B. Proximal tubule
- C. Loop of Henle
- D. Glomerulus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aminoglycosides are nephrotoxic and accumulate in the proximal tubule, leading to cellular damage and potential renal impairment.
Prostaglandins play pathophysiological role in the following EXCEPT:
- A. Patency of ductus arteriosus
- B. Regulation of renal tubular salt absorption
- C. Ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction
- D. Initiation of labour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prostaglandins maintain ductus arteriosus patency, regulate renal salt absorption, and initiate labor, but ventricular remodeling post-myocardial infarction is primarily driven by other factors like cytokines and neurohormones.