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he Montessori approach believes that learning materials should be
- A. Complex
- B. Simple
- C. Standardized
- D. Abstract
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Montessori materials are simple and concrete, designed for hands-on learning.
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The primary factor that makes an event a crisis is the:
- A. Type of loss that the event causes.
- B. Nature of the stress caused by the event.
- C. Ineffectiveness of one's usual coping strategies.
- D. Preexistence of a stress-related mental illness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the primary factor that makes an event a crisis is the ineffectiveness of one's usual coping strategies. When an event overwhelms an individual's ability to cope with it using their usual strategies, it can lead to a crisis. Choice A is incorrect because the type of loss alone does not determine if an event is a crisis. Choice B is incorrect as the nature of stress is subjective and can vary among individuals. Choice D is incorrect because the preexistence of a stress-related mental illness is not necessarily a prerequisite for an event to be considered a crisis.
Which of the following Hispanic groups have the highest prevalence and mortality rates of asthma compared to the others?
- A. Mexican Americans
- B. Dominican Americans
- C. Puerto Rican Americans
- D. Cuban Americans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Puerto Rican Americans show the highest asthma burden among Hispanics.
The nurse is assisting in a teaching plan for the family of a patient with HIV. Which explanation about the transmission of HIV should the nurse include in this plan?
- A. HIV is spread by casual contact with others.
- B. HIV spreads by contact with infected blood.
- C. HIV can be spread by sharing eating utensils.
- D. HIV is commonly transmitted by tears or saliva.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. HIV is mainly transmitted through contact with infected blood, such as sharing needles or blood transfusions.
2. Other modes, like casual contact, sharing utensils, tears, or saliva, do not contain enough virus to transmit HIV.
3. Understanding transmission modes helps prevent unnecessary fear and stigma.
4. By emphasizing the importance of avoiding contact with infected blood, the nurse empowers the family to protect themselves effectively.
Summary:
Choice B is correct as HIV is primarily spread through contact with infected blood. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not pose a significant risk of HIV transmission. It is crucial for the family to focus on accurate information to prevent unnecessary anxiety and take appropriate precautions.
To minimize the risk of injury during an electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment, the nurse:
- A. Times the seizure so it will not last more than 60 seconds.
- B. Monitors the client's electroencephalogram (EEG) for changes in wave patterns.
- C. Inserts a bite-block into the client's mouth prior to the delivery of the electrical stimulus.
- D. Applies a cuff to the client's ankle to facilitate monitoring of blood pressure during the seizure.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inserting a bite-block into the client's mouth prior to the delivery of the electrical stimulus helps prevent the client from biting down on their tongue or injuring their teeth during the seizure. This is crucial for minimizing the risk of injury during ECT treatment.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Timing the seizure to not last more than 60 seconds is not directly related to minimizing the risk of injury during ECT treatment.
B: Monitoring the client's EEG for changes in wave patterns is important for assessing the effectiveness of the treatment but does not directly minimize the risk of injury.
D: Applying a cuff to the client's ankle for blood pressure monitoring is important for general monitoring but does not directly address the risk of injury during the seizure.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has AIDS. Which outcome should receive priority?
- A. Remain socially active.
- B. Report high self-esteem.
- C. Remain free of infection.
- D. Maintain baseline weight.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Remain free of infection. This outcome should receive priority for a patient with AIDS to prevent further complications and deterioration of the immune system. Infection prevention is crucial in managing AIDS. A: Remaining socially active may be important but not the priority in this case. B: Reporting high self-esteem is beneficial but not directly related to the patient's health outcome. D: Maintaining baseline weight is important for overall health but not as critical as preventing infections in a patient with AIDS.