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he theorist associated with zone of proximal development is
- A. Jean Piaget
- B. Erik Erikson
- C. Lev Vygotsky
- D. John Dewey
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lev Vygotsky introduced the zone of proximal development, the gap between what a learner can do alone and with guidance.
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Patients who are very deferential toward physicians may respond in which of the following ways when prescribed medication?
- A. Inquire about the medical cost
- B. Avoid asking about side effects
- C. Document their medication intake
- D. Ask how the medicine works
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deferential patients may hesitate to question side effects, risking misunderstandings.
The child's ability to understand logical reasoning develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Logical reasoning about concrete events develops in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
When caring for a young child, Nurse Andrea realizes that trust is a normal part of growth and further development. Trust is primary in which age group according to Erikson?
- A. 36 years old
- B. Over 65
- C. Birth 18 months
- D. 1218
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trust versus mistrust is the developmental task in the formative years"birth to 18 months.
When gathering information for an assessment, the child will be the main source of information
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children are not typically the primary source; adults provide more context initially.
The prevalence of sleep apnea, and its association with obesity, is greater among which of the following groups?
- A. African Americans and Caucasians
- B. Caucasians and Native Americans
- C. Native Americans and Hispanics
- D. Hispanics and Asian Americans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Native Americans and Hispanics show higher sleep apnea prevalence linked to obesity.