he theorist who believes that human have intrinsic motivation is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abraham Maslow's theory includes intrinsic motivation as part of the drive toward self-actualization.
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The child's ability to understand abstract thinking develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Abstract thinking, like hypothetical reasoning, develops in the formal operational stage (Piaget).
The theorist associated with operant conditioning is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. B.F. Skinner
- C. Albert Bandura
- D. Ivan Pavlov
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Skinner developed operant conditioning using reinforcement.
Which era of life influences on human behavior:
- A. Childhood till 6 years
- B. Life after first job
- C. Adolescents
- D. Adulthood
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Early childhood (0-6 years) significantly shapes behavior, per Freud, Piaget, and Erikson.
A nurse manager notices that a staff member spends minimal time with a patient diagnosed with AIDS who is terminally ill. The patient says, Im having intense emotional reactions to this illness. Sometimes I feel angry, but other times I feel afraid or abandoned. The nurse manager can correctly hypothesize that the most likely reason for the staff members avoidance is:
- A. fear of infection transmission.
- B. feelings of inadequacy in dealing with complex emotional needs.
- C. knowledge that the patient needs time alone with family and friends.
- D. belief that the patients former lifestyle included high-risk behaviors.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Many nurses tend to be more comfortable with meeting physical needs than in focusing on complex emotional needs. Standard precautions are necessary for all patients. The patients lifestyle is irrelevant.
The theorist who believes human behavior is predictable is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. B.F. Skinner
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Skinner's behaviorism predicts behavior via stimulus-response patterns.