Nokea
He was called the father of sanitation.
- A. Abraham
- B. Hippocrates
- C. Moses
- D. Willam Halstead
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Moses, in ancient Hebrew texts, introduced sanitation laws e.g., waste disposal, quarantine earning the ‘father of sanitation' title. Abraham (patriarch), Hippocrates (medicine), and Halstead (surgery) differ. His rules, like Leviticus' hygiene codes, predate modern sanitation, influencing public health and nursing's infection control roots.
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Considered as the most accessible and convenient method for temperature taking
- A. Oral
- B. Rectal
- C. Tympanic
- D. Axillary
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oral temperature is most accessible e.g., quick placement under tongue requiring minimal prep, unlike rectal (invasive), tympanic (equipment), or axillary (longer). Convenient for alert patients, it's standard in clinics, per nursing practice, balancing ease and reliability for routine monitoring.
This is the best patient care model when there are many nurses but few patients.
- A. Functional nursing
- B. Team nursing
- C. Primary nursing
- D. Total patient care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Total patient care excels with many nurses and few patients, allowing each nurse to fully address one client's needs e.g., bathing, meds, education. Functional nursing assigns tasks (e.g., one nurse for vitals), team nursing divides labor, and primary nursing focuses continuity, but ample staffing makes total care ideal. For instance, a nurse can devote time to a single ICU patient, optimizing outcomes. This model leverages resources for intensive, individualized attention, enhancing care quality in such scenarios.
An infant with Tetralogy of Fallot is discharged with a prescription for Lanoxin elixir. The nurse should instruct the mother to:
- A. Administer the medication using a nipple
- B. Administer the medication using the calibrated dropper in the bottle
- C. Administer the medication using a plastic baby spoon
- D. Administer the medication in a baby bottle with 1oz of water
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using the calibrated dropper ensures accurate dosing of Lanoxin (digoxin) elixir for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot, critical due to its narrow therapeutic range and cardiac effects. Nipples, spoons, or dilution in bottles risk under- or overdosing. Nurses teach this method to parents, stressing precision to manage heart defects safely, preventing toxicity or inefficacy.
When documenting an assigned client's record during and at the end of the shift, the nurse must keep in mind which of the following facts?
- A. In order to get the care done for all assigned clients, the charting must be as brief as possible.
- B. The proper format, such as SOAP or PIE, as chosen by the hospital, must be adhered to.
- C. The chart is a legal document and may be all a nurse has to support care that was given if called to court.
- D. Clients need to be assessed and the care documented at least once every hour during the shift.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Documentation is a cornerstone of nursing practice, and recognizing the chart as a legal document is paramount. It serves as the primary evidence of care provided, protecting the nurse in legal disputes by detailing actions, observations, and client responses. If called to court, this record may be the only defense against claims of negligence or improper care, making accuracy and completeness essential. Brevity might compromise detail, undermining its legal value, while specific formats like SOAP enhance clarity but aren't the core issue. Hourly documentation isn't universally required unless specified by policy; the focus is on capturing significant events. This understanding ensures nurses document with precision, safeguarding both client care and professional accountability in a legal context.
A staff nurse who is promoted to assistant nurse manager may feel uncomfortable initially when supervising her former peers. She can best decrease this discomfort by:
- A. Writing down all assignments
- B. Making changes after evaluating the situation and having discussions with the staff
- C. Telling the staff nurses that she is making changes to benefit their performance
- D. Evaluating the clinical performance of each staff nurse in a private conference
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evaluating and discussing changes eases transition and builds trust.