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Health promotion ranks high on the list of health-related concerns of the American public. Based on current knowledge, what factor should the nurse prioritize in an effort to promote health, longevity, and weight control in patients?
- A. Good nutrition
- B. Stress reduction
- C. Use of vitamins
- D. Screening for health risks
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It has been suggested that good nutrition is the single most significant factor in determining health status, longevity, and weight control. A balanced diet that uses few artificial ingredients and is low in fat, caffeine, and sodium constitutes a healthy diet. Stress reduction and screening for health risks are correct answers, just not the most significant factors. Vitamin use is not normally necessary when an individual eats a healthy diet, except in specific circumstances.
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Health care professionals are involved in the promotion of health as much as in the treatment of disease. Health promotion has evolved as a part of health care for many reasons. Which of the following factors has most influenced the growing emphasis on health promotion?
- A. A changing definition of health
- B. An awareness that wellness exists
- C. An expanded definition of chronic illness
- D. A belief that disease is preventable
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The concept of health promotion has evolved because of a changing definition of health and an awareness that wellness exists at many levels of functioning. The other options are incorrect because health promotion has not evolved because we know that wellness exists or a belief that disease is preventable. No expanded definition of chronic illness has caused the concept of health promotion to evolve.
A nurse has been working with Mrs. Griffin, a 71-year-old patient whose poorly controlled type 1 diabetes has led to numerous health problems. Over the past several years Mrs. Griffin has had several admissions to the hospital medical unit, and the nurse has often carried out health promotion interventions. Who is ultimately responsible for maintaining and promoting Mrs. Griffins health?
- A. The medical nurse
- B. The community health nurse who has also worked with Mrs. Griffin
- C. Mrs. Griffins primary care provider
- D. Mrs. Griffin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: American society places a great importance on health and the responsibility that each of us has to maintain and promote our own health. Therefore, the other options are incorrect.
The nurse is planning to teach a 75-year-old patient with coronary artery disease about administering her prescribed antiplatelet medication. How can the nurse best enhance the patients ability to learn?
- A. Provide links to Web sites that contain evidence-based information.
- B. Exclude family members from the session to prevent distraction.
- C. Use color-coded materials that are succinct and engaging.
- D. Make the information directly relevant to the patients condition.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Studies have shown that older adults can learn and remember if the information is paced appropriately, relevant, and followed by appropriate feedback. Family members should be included in health education. The nurse should not assume that the patients color vision is intact or that the patient possesses adequate computer skills.
A public health nurse is planning educational interventions that are based on Beckers Health Belief Model. When identifying the variables that affect local residents health promotion behaviors, what question should the nurse seek to answer?
- A. Do residents believe that they have ready access to health promotion resources?
- B. Why have previous attempts at health promotion failed?
- C. How much funding is available for health promotion in the community?
- D. Who is available to provide health promotion education in the local area?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Barriers, Beckers second variable, are defined as factors leading to unavailability or difficulty in gaining access to a specific health promotion alternative. The other listed questions do not directly relate to the four variables that Becker specified.
A nurse is planning care for an older adult who lives with a number of chronic health problems. For which of the following nursing diagnoses would education of the patient be the nurses highest priority?
- A. Risk for impaired physical mobility related to joint pain
- B. Functional urinary incontinence related decreased mobility
- C. Activity intolerance related to contractures
- D. Risk for ineffective health maintenance related to nonadherence to therapeutic regimen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For some nursing diagnoses, education is a primary nursing intervention. These diagnoses include risk for ineffective management of therapeutic regimen, risk for impaired home management, health-seeking behaviors, and decisional conflict. The other options do not have patient education as the highest priority, though each necessitates a certain degree of education.