Nokea
Health Services for disabilities in children and youth:
- A. Are provided by HPB and the Child Development Programmes only
- B. Are inclusive and equitable
- C. Are well-integrated with social services
- D. Ought to include caregiver support and be familycentred
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Health services should be family-centered and include caregiver support, reflecting best practices in disability care.
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A patient with many positive symptoms of schizophrenia, whose behavior is disorganized and who is highly anxious, tells the nurse in the psychiatric emergency department, 'You have got to help me. I do not know what is going on. I think someone is trying to wipe me out. I have to get a gun.' The patient, a college student, lives alone and has no family or support system in the immediate area. He has not left his room in 2 weeks, has not eaten in several days, and is unkempt. Of the available treatment settings, the nurse should recommend:
- A. admission to an unlocked residential crisis unit.
- B. inpatient hospitalization on a locked unit.
- C. attending a day treatment program for 4 weeks.
- D. admission to a partial hospital program.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: inpatient hospitalization on a locked unit. This option is the most appropriate because the patient is presenting with severe symptoms of schizophrenia, including paranoia, disorganized behavior, and potential harm to self or others by mentioning getting a gun. In this case, the patient requires a higher level of care and safety, which can only be provided in an inpatient hospital setting on a locked unit. Admission to an unlocked residential crisis unit (Choice A) may not provide the necessary level of supervision and security. Attending a day treatment program for 4 weeks (Choice C) may not be intensive enough to address the patient's current crisis. Admission to a partial hospital program (Choice D) also may not provide the required level of supervision and structure for a patient with such acute symptoms.
Which of the following is a technique used to address stuttering?
- A. Purposeful speech
- B. Practical speech
- C. Delayed speech
- D. Prolonged speech
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prolonged Speech: A technique teaching new speech patterns to address stuttering, altering phrasing, articulation, and respiratory patterns.
A 17-year-old client is admitted to the ED after being alternately hyperalert and difficult to arouse. His symptoms all started within the last few hours, during which time he became disoriented and confused. His behavior was agitated and restless, and his memory was impaired, especially for recent events. The client displayed some delusions and misinterpretations of his surroundings. The nurse knows she needs to assess the client further for:
- A. Dementia
- B. Depression
- C. Delirium
- D. Amnesia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Delirium. Delirium is characterized by acute and fluctuating changes in cognition, attention, and awareness. The client's sudden onset of symptoms, including disorientation, confusion, agitation, restlessness, impaired memory, delusions, and misinterpretations of surroundings, align with the hallmark features of delirium. The nurse needs to further assess the client for delirium to determine the underlying cause and provide appropriate interventions promptly.
Incorrect choices:
A: Dementia - Dementia is a chronic, progressive condition characterized by gradual cognitive decline. The client's acute onset of symptoms is not consistent with dementia.
B: Depression - Depression typically presents with persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest, which are different from the acute and fluctuating cognitive changes seen in delirium.
D: Amnesia - Amnesia refers to memory loss, which is only one aspect of the client's presentation. Delirium involves a broader range of cognitive
Prior to discharge, the nurse plans to teach the client and family about relapse. Which items will the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Recognition of warning signs of relapse
- B. Notify the nurse of warning signs present for more than one month
- C. Lower medication dosage to manage emerging side effects
- D. Use street drugs judiciously and only in small amounts
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because recognizing warning signs of relapse is crucial for early intervention. By identifying these signs, the client and family can seek help promptly, preventing a full relapse. Choice B is incorrect as waiting for signs to persist for more than one month delays intervention. Choice C is incorrect as altering medication dosage without medical advice can be dangerous. Choice D is incorrect as using street drugs is never a safe or appropriate way to manage relapse.
A client in her early teens who is being treated for irritable bowel syndrome has just disclosed that she has been feeling anxious. For what other condition should the nurse assess this client?
- A. Anxiety.
- B. Depression.
- C. Eating disorder.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The client disclosed feeling anxious.
Step 2: Anxiety is a common comorbidity with irritable bowel syndrome.
Step 3: Assessing for anxiety allows for holistic treatment.
Step 4: Anxiety can impact the client's physical health.
Step 5: Therefore, assessing for anxiety is crucial.
Summary:
B: Depression - While depression is important, the client disclosed anxiety.
C: Eating disorder - Not directly related to the client's disclosure.
D: None of the above - Incorrect, as assessing for anxiety is necessary.