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Hepatoblastoma is a neoplasm of undifferentiated precursors of hepatocytes. It is of different histological classification; which type predict the MOST favorable outcome?
- A. mixed type of pure epithelial and mesenchymal elements
- B. type of pure epithelial histology
- C. type of mixed fetal and embryonal histology
- D. type of undifferentiated histology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pure epithelial histology, particularly fetal type, is associated with the best prognosis.
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A nurse is planning care for a preterm newborn. Which interventions should the nurse implement for skin care? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Use cleaning agents with neutral pH.
- B. Rub skin during drying.
- C. Use adhesive remover solvent when removing tape.
- D. Avoid removing adhesives for at least 24 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using cleaning agents with neutral pH is important for the delicate skin of a preterm newborn to prevent irritation and damage.
Cherry, the mother of an 11-month-old girl, Elizabeth, is in the clinic for her daughter's immunizations. She expresses concern to the nurse that Elizabeth cannot yet walk. The nurse correctly replies that, according to the Denver Developmental Screen, the median age for walking is:
- A. 12 months.
- B. 15 months.
- C. 10 months.
- D. 14 months.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Denver Developmental Screening Test states that the median age for walking is around 12 months. This means that about half of all typically developing children will begin to walk by this age. It is important to note that there is a wide range of normal development, and not all children will hit these milestones at the same time. If Cherry's 11-month-old daughter, Elizabeth, is not yet walking, it does not necessarily indicate a developmental delay as long as she is meeting other milestones within a reasonable timeframe.
In addition to weakness and fatigue, which of the following problems should the nurse expect Aisa to exhibit?
- A. Elevated blood pressure
- B. Increased pulse rate
- C. Cyanosis of the nail beds
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In addition to weakness and fatigue, the nurse should expect Aisa to exhibit an increased pulse rate. Weakness and fatigue are common symptoms of anemia, a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. Anemia can lead to the heart working harder to pump oxygen-rich blood to the body, resulting in an increased pulse rate. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to assess for signs of tachycardia (elevated heart rate) in a patient with anemia.
Many factors in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients may affect the prognosis. Which of the following carries the worst outcome?
- A. elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level
- B. advanced disease
- C. extensive cervical lymph node involvement
- D. evidence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated LDH levels are strongly associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis.
Which assessment action will help the nurse determine if the patient with Bell's Palsy is receiving adequate nutrition?
- A. Monitor meal trays
- B. Check twice-weekly weights
- C. Measure intake and output
- D. Assess swallowing reflex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: By assessing the patient's swallowing reflex, the nurse can determine if the patient is able to swallow food and liquids properly, which is crucial for adequate nutrition intake. Bell's Palsy can affect facial muscles, including those involved in chewing and swallowing. A impaired swallowing reflex can lead to difficulties in eating and drinking, which in turn may affect the patient's nutrition status. Monitoring meal trays (A) may not provide direct information about the patient's ability to swallow, as a patient may not be able to communicate swallowing difficulties. Checking twice-weekly weights (B) may indicate weight changes, but it may not necessarily give insight into nutrition adequacy related to swallowing ability. Measuring intake and output (C) may help track calorie intake and fluid balance, but it may not specifically address swallowing issues that can impact nutrition in a patient with Bell's Palsy. Assessing the swallowing reflex (D) directly addresses the patient's ability to consume food and