Nokea
A client receiving ferrous sulfate (Fer-Iron) therapy to treat an iron deficiency reports taking an antacid frequently to relieve heart burn. Which nursing instruction should the nurse provide?
- A. "Take ferrous sulfate and the antacid together."
- B. "Take ferrous sulfate and the antacid at least 2 hours apart."
- C. "Avoid taking an antacid altogether."
- D. "Take ferrous sulfate and the antacid at least 1 hour apart."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antacids can interfere with the absorption of iron from ferrous sulfate. Therefore, it is important to take these medications at least 2 hours apart to ensure proper absorption of the iron supplement. Taking them together can reduce the effectiveness of the ferrous sulfate therapy in treating the iron deficiency. It is not necessary to avoid taking an antacid altogether, but timing is crucial to optimize the benefits of both medications.
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The nurse is interviewing the mother of an infant. She reports, "I had a difficult delivery, and my baby was born preterm." This information should be recorded under which of the following headings?
- A. Past history
- B. Present illness
- C. Chief complaint
- D. Review of systems
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The information given by the mother about having a difficult delivery and her baby being born preterm is considered part of the past medical history. Past medical history includes previous medical conditions, surgeries, hospitalizations, and significant events related to the patient's health before the current encounter. This information helps healthcare providers understand the patient's background and any potential risks or complications relevant to their current health condition.
Which assessment action will help the nurse determine if the patient with Bell's Palsy is receiving adequate nutrition?
- A. Monitor meal trays
- B. Check twice-weekly weights
- C. Measure intake and output
- D. Assess swallowing reflex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: By assessing the patient's swallowing reflex, the nurse can determine if the patient is able to swallow food and liquids properly, which is crucial for adequate nutrition intake. Bell's Palsy can affect facial muscles, including those involved in chewing and swallowing. A impaired swallowing reflex can lead to difficulties in eating and drinking, which in turn may affect the patient's nutrition status. Monitoring meal trays (A) may not provide direct information about the patient's ability to swallow, as a patient may not be able to communicate swallowing difficulties. Checking twice-weekly weights (B) may indicate weight changes, but it may not necessarily give insight into nutrition adequacy related to swallowing ability. Measuring intake and output (C) may help track calorie intake and fluid balance, but it may not specifically address swallowing issues that can impact nutrition in a patient with Bell's Palsy. Assessing the swallowing reflex (D) directly addresses the patient's ability to consume food and
A 5-year-old child, recently diagnosed with ileocecal Burkitt lymphoma; lab investigations reveal: serum uric acid 12 mg/dl, serum sodium, 145 meq/dl; serum potassium, 4.5 meq/dl; serum phosphate 4.4 meq/dl; serum calcium, 8.9 mg/dl; blood urea, 22 mg/dl; serum creatinine, 0.8 mg/dl. Of the following, the MOST effective treatment is
- A. excessive hydration
- B. sodium bicarbonate
- C. xanthine oxidase inhibitor
- D. recombinant urate oxidase
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Recombinant urate oxidase (rasburicase) effectively lowers uric acid levels in cases of tumor lysis syndrome.
You are discussing physical child abuse with medical students; you state that fractures are common presentation and those that should raise suspicion for abuse include fractures that are unexplained, occurring in young, non-ambulatory children, or involve multiple bones. Of the following, the site of the fracture that is LESS specific for abuse is
- A. rib
- B. scapula
- C. skull
- D. vertebra
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fractures of the vertebrae are less specific for abuse compared to other sites like ribs, scapula, or skull, which are more characteristic of inflicted trauma.
Which of the following would the nurse evaluate as laboratory data that support the occurrence of AIDS?
- A. 900 CD 4+ cells
- B. 500 CD 4+ cells
- C. 700 CD 4+ cells
- D. 200 CD 4+ cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse would evaluate 200 CD 4+ cells as laboratory data that support the occurrence of AIDS. In patients with AIDS, there is a significant decrease in the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, typically falling below 200 cells/mm³. This low CD4+ cell count increases the risk of opportunistic infections and indicates severe immune suppression, which is characteristic of AIDS. A CD4+ count of 200 or less is an important criterion for the diagnosis of AIDS according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines.