Nokea
How do children differ from adults? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Higher metabolic rate
- B. Greater surface area in relation to their weight
- C. Less mature organ systems
- D. More fluid reserves
- E. Continuously changing growth and development pattern
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Children are in a continuous growth and development pattern. Children have a greater surface area and a higher metabolic rate. All of their organ systems are not mature.
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The nurse observes that a 2-year-old toddler is able to use a spoon steadily at mealtime. What does self-feeding help to develop in the toddler?
- A. Good nutrition
- B. A sense of independence
- C. Adequate height and weight
- D. Healthy teeth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: By the end of the second year, toddlers can feed themselves. This helps them to develop a sense of independence.
What type of development is the nurse assessing when an infant can lift his or her head before he or she can sit?
- A. Specific to general
- B. Proximodistal
- C. Cephalocaudal
- D. General to specific
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cephalocaudal development proceeds from head to toe.
What activity would the nurse choose to meet Erikson's developmental task of industry when caring for a 7-year-old child?
- A. Completing a 50-piece jigsaw puzzle
- B. Looking at a comic book
- C. Playing a game of 'I Spy' with the nurse
- D. Coloring a picture in a coloring book
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the developmental period of late childhood, children are striving to develop a sense of industry. The completion of a jigsaw puzzle is industrious play.
Which healthy snack foods would the school nurse suggest to a group of adolescents? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Bubble gum
- B. Chocolate-covered peanuts
- C. Raw vegetables
- D. Cheese
- E. Dried fruits
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Cheese and raw vegetables are acceptable healthy snacks. Bubble gum, chocolate-covered peanuts, and dried fruits all contain high amounts of sugar.
A mother tells the nurse, 'My 11-month-old son is not as active as my other children were at this age. He is the youngest of four and the older children love to dote on him.' Which factor is influencing this child's language development?
- A. Heredity
- B. Sex
- C. Mother's health during pregnancy
- D. Ordinal position
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Motor development of the youngest child may be prolonged if the child is babied by others in the family.