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How does the ANA define the psychiatric nursing role?
- A. a specialized area of nursing practice that employs theories of human behavior as its science and the powerful use of self as its art
- B. assisting the therapist to relieve the symptoms of clients
- C. to solve clients' problems and give them the answers
- D. having a client committed to long-term therapy with the nurse
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer aligns with the ANA's definition of the psychiatric nursing role. According to the ANA, psychiatric nursing is a specialized area of nursing practice that incorporates theories of human behavior as its foundational science and utilizes the self as its essential art. This definition emphasizes the importance of understanding human behavior and leveraging therapeutic communication and relationships to provide effective care for individuals with mental health concerns. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the ANA-defined role of psychiatric nursing. Psychiatric nurses primarily focus on delivering holistic care, promoting mental health, and supporting individuals with mental health challenges using evidence-based practices and therapeutic interventions.
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The doctor orders 2% nitroglycerin ointment in a 1-inch dose every 12 hours. Proper application of nitroglycerin ointment includes:
- A. Rotating application sites
- B. Limiting applications to the chest
- C. Rubbing it into the skin
- D. Covering it with a thin paper dressing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proper application of nitroglycerin ointment involves rotating application sites to prevent skin irritation. It should be applied to the back and upper arms, not restricted to the chest, making option B incorrect. Rubbing it into the skin, as indicated in option C, is not recommended for nitroglycerin ointment as it can lead to faster absorption and potential side effects. The correct way is to cover it with a thin paper dressing, not gauze as mentioned in option D, to ensure proper absorption and prevent the medication from evaporating too quickly.
After group therapy, the female victim of intimate partner violence confides to the nurse that she does not feel in any immediate danger. Which of the following statements about victims of domestic violence is true?
- A. Victims of domestic violence are often the best predictors of their risk of harm.
- B. Victims of domestic violence often overestimate their safety risk.
- C. Victims of domestic violence are typically in a state of denial.
- D. Victims of domestic violence know that keeping peace with their partner is the best method of preventing another attack.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Victims of domestic violence are often correct at predicting their risk of harm. It is crucial for the nurse to ensure that the client is expressing herself authentically and not downplaying any potential danger. While victims can be insightful about their risk, it's essential to involve proper authorities, such as the police, in situations of intimate partner violence to ensure safety and provide necessary support. Choice B is incorrect because victims may not necessarily overestimate their safety risk. Choice C is incorrect as not all victims are in a state of denial; some may recognize the dangers they face. Choice D is incorrect because victims may not believe that keeping peace with their partner is the best way to prevent future attacks, as each individual's situation and mindset vary.
When caring for African-American clients, what is an important consideration regarding their needs?
- A. Families may have specific needs.
- B. Special hair, skin, and nail care might be required.
- C. Cultural diets should be respected.
- D. Clients are generally future-oriented.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct answer: Special hair, skin, and nail care might be required. African-American clients may have specific hair, skin, and nail care needs due to their unique characteristics such as curly hair and melanin-rich skin. It is important for healthcare providers to be knowledgeable about these needs to provide appropriate care. Option A is incorrect as it does not address the specific care aspect related to the clients themselves. Option C is incorrect as assuming all African-American clients follow cultural diets is a stereotype and may not apply to every individual. Option D is incorrect as being future-oriented is not a characteristic that is universally applicable to African-American clients and does not directly impact nursing care considerations.
A client sitting alone and talking to voices is observed by a nurse. When asked, the client reports he is 'talking to the voices.' The nurse's next action should be:
- A. touching the client to help him return to reality
- B. leaving the client alone until reality returns
- C. asking the client to describe what is happening
- D. telling the client there are no voices
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a client reports talking to voices, it can indicate the presence of hallucinations. Asking the client to describe what is happening is a crucial step as it helps the nurse understand the nature of the hallucinations and provides reassurance to the client. Touching the client without consent is inappropriate and can be distressing. Leaving the client alone may not address the underlying issue, and telling the client there are no voices denies their experience and can lead to mistrust.
In performing a psychosocial assessment, the nurse begins by asking questions that encourage the client to describe problematic behaviors and situations. The next step is to elicit the client's:
- A. feelings about what has been described
- B. thoughts about what has been described
- C. possible solutions to the problem
- D. intent in sharing the description
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a psychosocial assessment, the nurse should progress from having the client describe problematic behaviors to eliciting their thoughts about the dilemmas. This step provides essential assessment data and insights into the client's interpretation of the situation. Asking about feelings, solutions, or intent in sharing the description is premature at this stage. Understanding the client's thoughts is crucial before delving into more complex emotional or problem-solving aspects. Therefore, the correct answer is to elicit the client's thoughts about the described behaviors and situations, as this helps the nurse gain a deeper understanding of the client's perspective and thought processes.