Nokea
How does the developing fetus primarily eliminate metabolic wastes?
- A. The developing fetus does not produce metabolic wastes.
- B. Fetal waste is excreted as feces, which pass into the mother's anus.
- C. Fetal waste is passed down the umbilical cord to the mother's circulatory system.
- D. Fetal waste is passed down the umbilical cord and leaves the mother's body via the vagina.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolic wastes produced by the developing fetus are eliminated primarily by being passed down the umbilical cord to the mother's circulatory system. Once in the mother's blood, these wastes are then filtered and excreted by the mother's kidneys. Choice A is incorrect because the developing fetus does produce metabolic wastes. Choice B is incorrect as fetal waste does not pass into the mother's anus. Choice D is incorrect as fetal waste does not leave the mother's body via the vagina.
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Which is the correct order of formed elements in blood from smallest to largest cell size?
- A. Erythrocytes, thrombocytes, and leukocytes
- B. Thrombocytes, leukocytes, and erythrocytes
- C. Thrombocytes, erythrocytes, and leukocytes
- D. Leukocytes, erythrocytes, and thrombocytes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct order of formed elements in blood from smallest to largest cell size is thrombocytes (platelets), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and leukocytes (white blood cells), making choice C the correct answer. Thrombocytes are the smallest, followed by erythrocytes, and then leukocytes. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the correct order of cell size in blood formed elements.
Which structure protects the lungs?
- A. Femur
- B. Ribcage
- C. Scapula
- D. Skull
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ribcage is the correct answer. It protects the lungs by providing structural support and shielding them from injury. The femur is a bone in the thigh and does not protect the lungs. The scapula is a shoulder blade bone, and the skull protects the brain, not the lungs.
What is a benefit of a taxonomic system?
- A. Researchers can describe how living things behave.
- B. Researchers can develop names for new organisms.
- C. Living things can be distinguished from nonliving things.
- D. Living things can be classified based on their molecular traits.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. A taxonomic system allows scientists to classify living organisms based on their molecular and genetic traits. This classification helps in understanding the relationships and evolutionary history of different organisms, providing insights into their characteristics and behaviors. Choices A, B, and C do not directly relate to the primary purpose and benefit of a taxonomic system, which is the systematic classification of organisms.
What presents the correct order of cellular respiration?
- A. Glycolysis, Acetyl-CoA, Citric Acid Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
- B. Citric Acid Cycle, Glycolysis, Acetyl-CoA, Electron Transport Chain
- C. Glycolysis, Acetyl-CoA, Electron Transport Chain, Citric Acid Cycle
- D. Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Acetyl-CoA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct order of cellular respiration is Glycolysis, Acetyl-CoA, Citric Acid Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain. Glycolysis initiates the breakdown of glucose in the cytoplasm, leading to the formation of pyruvate. This pyruvate is then converted to Acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria, which enters the Citric Acid Cycle to generate energy-rich molecules like NADH and FADH2. Finally, the Electron Transport Chain, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, utilizes these energy carriers to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Choice B is incorrect because it starts with the Citric Acid Cycle, which comes after Glycolysis. Choice C is incorrect as it places the Citric Acid Cycle before the Electron Transport Chain. Choice D is incorrect by placing Acetyl-CoA last instead of before the Citric Acid Cycle.
Which type of cells are found in the hair bulb and are responsible for hair growth?
- A. Basal
- B. Epidermal
- C. Epithelial
- D. Merkel
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epithelial. The hair bulb contains actively growing epithelial cells responsible for hair growth. Basal cells are located in the basal layer of the epidermis, not specifically in the hair bulb, making choice A incorrect. Epidermal cells are part of the outer layer of the skin, so choice B is incorrect. Merkel cells are related to touch sensations in the skin, not hair growth, making choice D incorrect.