Midwifery Exam Practice Questions

Midwifery Exam Practice Questions Related

Review Midwifery Exam Practice Questions related questions and content

How does the maternal microbiome influence the health of the fetus during pregnancy?

  • A. By increasing fetal weight
  • B. By altering immune development
  • C. By reducing placental oxygen levels
  • D. By enhancing amniotic fluid
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: By altering immune development. The maternal microbiome plays a crucial role in shaping the fetal immune system during pregnancy. Microbes in the mother's body can influence the development of the fetus's immune system through various mechanisms, such as immune cells crossing the placenta. This interaction helps the fetus develop tolerance to maternal antigens.

Choice A (By increasing fetal weight) is incorrect because the maternal microbiome's influence is not primarily related to weight gain. Choice C (By reducing placental oxygen levels) is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the immune system development. Choice D (By enhancing amniotic fluid) is incorrect as the main influence is on the immune system rather than amniotic fluid enhancement.

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The fetal head retracting against the perineum is a

  • A. Gaskin sign
  • B. Turtle sign
  • C. Klumpke sign
  • D. Chignon sign
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Turtle sign. This sign refers to the fetal head retracting against the perineum during delivery. It indicates shoulder dystocia, a complication where the baby's shoulders get stuck after the head is delivered. This can lead to serious complications for both the baby and the mother if not managed promptly.

A: Gaskin sign is incorrect as it refers to a position where the mother is on her hands and knees during labor.
C: Klumpke sign is incorrect as it is a neurological condition affecting the lower arm and hand.
D: Chignon sign is incorrect as it is not a recognized medical term related to childbirth.

Flexion-distraction injuries of the thoracolumbar spine are most commonly caused by

  • A. Blunt trauma
  • B. Rotational injury
  • C. Seat belts
  • D. Gunshot wounds
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rotational injury. Flexion-distraction injuries of the thoracolumbar spine are often caused by rotational forces that occur during accidents such as motor vehicle collisions or falls. These forces lead to the spine being twisted, causing separation of the vertebrae. Blunt trauma (A) can cause various spinal injuries but is not specific to flexion-distraction injuries. Seat belts (C) are designed to prevent spinal injuries by restraining the body during a collision. Gunshot wounds (D) can cause spinal cord injuries but are not commonly associated with flexion-distraction injuries of the thoracolumbar spine.

Deep transverse arrest is

  • A. Where flexion is always well maintained.
  • B. Caused by strong uterine contractions throughout labor.
  • C. Caused by a sacrum that is well curved.
  • D. Where the level of the occiput and the sinciput is the same.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because deep transverse arrest refers to a situation where the fetal head fails to rotate and descend in the pelvis due to the occiput and sinciput being at the same level. This leads to a prolonged labor. Choice A is incorrect because flexion can be inadequate in deep transverse arrest. Choice B is incorrect because it is not solely caused by uterine contractions but rather fetal malposition. Choice C is incorrect because a well-curved sacrum is not a defining factor in deep transverse arrest.

Causes of puerperal pyrexia are entirely obstetrically related.

  • A. TRUE
  • B. FALSE
  • C. -
  • D. -
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Puerperal pyrexia refers to fever occurring after childbirth.
Step 2: Causes can be obstetric (infection) or non-obstetric (e.g., urinary tract infection).
Step 3: Non-obstetric causes are also common postpartum.
Step 4: Therefore, puerperal pyrexia is not entirely obstetrically related.
Step 5: Hence, the correct answer is B (FALSE).

Productive cough, dyspnoea at rest, and generalized oedema are among the features of:

  • A. Folate deficiency
  • B. Very severe anaemia
  • C. Mild iron deficiency
  • D. Severe anaemia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Very severe anaemia. Productive cough, dyspnoea at rest, and generalized oedema are classic symptoms of very severe anaemia due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Anemia leads to tissue hypoxia, causing shortness of breath and fluid retention. Folate deficiency (A) typically presents with megaloblastic anemia, not generalized edema. Mild iron deficiency (C) may lead to fatigue and weakness but not the severe symptoms described. Severe anemia (D) is too broad; very severe anemia specifically refers to the severity of the condition.

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