Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology Related

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How does the skin aid in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body?

  • A. Sebum
  • B. Keratin
  • C. Vitamin A
  • D. Vitamin D
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D. The skin plays a crucial role in maintaining calcium and phosphate levels by producing Vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the intestines, thus regulating their levels in the body. Sebum is an oily substance produced by the skin to moisturize and protect it. Keratin is a protein that forms the structure of the skin and its appendages. Vitamin A is essential for skin health and vision but is not directly involved in regulating calcium and phosphate levels.

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What do ceruminous glands secrete?

  • A. Ear wax
  • B. Keratin
  • C. Mucus
  • D. Oily sebum
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ceruminous glands are specialized sweat glands located in the ear canal that produce cerumen, commonly known as ear wax. The primary function of cerumen is to protect the ear canal by trapping dust and repelling water, preventing infections. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Ear wax.

In which cavity are the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs found?

  • A. Pelvic
  • B. Abdominal
  • C. Thoracic
  • D. Pleural
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pelvic. The urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs are located in the pelvic cavity. The pelvic cavity is situated below the abdominal cavity and houses various organs, including the urinary bladder and reproductive organs. The abdominal cavity contains organs like the stomach, liver, and intestines, while the thoracic cavity houses the lungs and heart. Pleural is an incorrect choice as it is related to the lining around the lungs.

Which of the following hormones are tropic hormones? (Select one that doesn't apply.)

  • A. Somatotropin
  • B. Follicle-stimulating hormone
  • C. Antidiuretic hormone
  • D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tropic hormones are hormones that stimulate the release of other hormones from target endocrine glands. Somatotropin (A) is growth hormone from the anterior pituitary that acts directly on tissues. Follicle-stimulating hormone (B) and Thyroid-stimulating hormone (D) are tropic hormones that act on the gonads and thyroid gland, respectively, to stimulate the production of other hormones. Antidiuretic hormone (C) is not a tropic hormone; it regulates water balance by acting on the kidneys to reduce water excretion.

What is the function of thrombocytes?

  • A. Blood clotting
  • B. Oxygen transport
  • C. Immune response
  • D. Hormone production
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Thrombocytes, also known as platelets, play a crucial role in blood clotting. When there is an injury or damage to a blood vessel, thrombocytes adhere to the site and form a plug to stop bleeding. This process is essential for wound healing and preventing excessive blood loss. Therefore, the correct function of thrombocytes is blood clotting.

Arrector pili are responsible for which action?

  • A. Production of sweat
  • B. Increase in skin pigmentation.
  • C. Acceleration of wrinkling in aging.
  • D. Appearance of goose bumps.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale:

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