Nokea
How has synthetic recombinant antihemophilic factor improved the management of hemophilia? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Eliminates the need for frequent transfusions.
- B. Can be administered by family at home.
- C. Prevents hemorrhage.
- D. Reduces cost of care of the hemophiliac.
- E. Reduces risk of HIV and hepatitis A and B transmission.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Synthetic recombinant antihemophilic factor reduces transfusion needs, allows home administration, lowers costs, and minimizes infection risks.
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The nurse is dealing with a preschool child with a life-threatening illness. What should the nurse remember the child's concept of death is at this age?
- A. That it is final
- B. Only a fear of separation from her parents
- C. That a person becomes alive again soon after death
- D. An understanding based on simple logic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The preschooler views death as reversible and temporary.
Which statement by a mother may indicate a cause for her 9-month-old's iron deficiency anemia?
- A. Formula is so expensive. We switched to regular milk right away.'
- B. She almost never drinks water.'
- C. She doesn't really like peaches or pears, so we stick to bananas for fruit.'
- D. I give her a piece of bread now and then. She likes to chew on it.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because cow's milk contains very little iron, infants should drink iron-fortified formula for the first year of life.
The nurse notes that a 4-year-old child's gums bleed easily and he has bruising and petechiae on his extremities. Which lab value is consistent with these symptoms?
- A. Platelet count of 25,000/mm?³
- B. Hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL
- C. Hematocrit level of 36%
- D. Leukocyte count of 14,000/mm?³
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The normal platelet count is 150,000 to 400,000/mm?³. This finding is very low, indicating an increased bleeding potential.
A child with thalassemia major receives blood transfusions frequently. What is a complication of repeated blood transfusions?
- A. Hemarthrosis
- B. Hematuria
- C. Hemoptysis
- D. Hemosiderosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: As a result of repeated blood transfusions, excessive deposits of iron (hemosiderosis) are stored in tissues.
The family of a child receiving chemotherapy for leukemia should be taught to focus on which aspect(s) of the child's care? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Using a support group
- B. Stimulating appetite
- C. Maintaining adequate hydration
- D. Continuing with scheduled immunizations
- E. Reporting exposure to infectious diseases
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Support groups, appetite stimulation, hydration, and infection vigilance are critical for a child on chemotherapy.