Nokea
How is pruning best defined?
- A. The process of eliminating unused synapses
- B. The process of synapse development
- C. The connection between neurons
- D. Fatty sheath that wraps around neurons and enables them to transmit information more rapidly
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pruning is the process of eliminating unused synapses in the brain. This process helps the brain to become more efficient by strengthening important connections and eliminating unnecessary ones. Choice B is incorrect because pruning is about eliminating synapses, not developing them. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to the general concept of connections between neurons, not specifically about pruning. Choice D is incorrect as it describes the myelin sheath, which is responsible for rapid transmission of information along neurons, not pruning.
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Franklin wakes up in a homeless shelter in another town. He doesn't know where he is or how he got there, and he's confused when people say he has been calling himself Anthony. This is most likely an episode of dissociative?
- A. Amnesia
- B. Dissociative fugue
- C. Wandering
- D. Flight of ideas
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Dissociative fugue. In the scenario described, Franklin experiencing memory loss, travel to another town, assuming a new identity (calling himself Anthony) aligns with dissociative fugue. Amnesia (Choice A) involves memory loss without the additional aspects of travel and assuming a new identity. Wandering (Choice C) is vague and does not encompass the complete set of symptoms described. Flight of ideas (Choice D) is a symptom of conditions like mania, not dissociative disorders.
During conception, the 23 unpaired chromosomes in the ovum and sperm combine to form 23 pairs in an entirely new cell called the?
- A. Embryo
- B. DNA
- C. Fetus
- D. Zygote
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Zygote. A zygote is formed when the 23 chromosomes from the ovum and sperm combine during conception. It is the initial cell formed and marks the beginning of a new organism. Choice A, Embryo, is incorrect as an embryo is formed later in the development process. Choice B, DNA, is incorrect as DNA is the genetic material within the chromosomes but is not the name of the new cell formed after fertilization. Choice C, Fetus, is incorrect as a fetus is the stage of prenatal development that occurs well after the zygote stage.
What is the term for the age of an unborn baby, usually dated from the first day of an expectant mother's last menstrual cycle?
- A. Mental age
- B. Chronological age
- C. Functional age
- D. Gestational age
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Gestational age. Gestational age is calculated from the first day of the expectant mother's last menstrual cycle, providing an estimate of how far along the pregnancy is. Mental age (choice A), refers to an individual's level of cognitive functioning in relation to others of the same age group. Chronological age (choice B) is a person's actual age in years. Functional age (choice C) refers to how well a person is able to perform various activities compared to their chronological age.
Behaviors that deviate from the norm are?
- A. Always seen as a disorder if they violate social norms
- B. Considered a disorder regardless of culture
- C. Typically seen as a disorder when they impair functioning
- D. Never considered as a sign of abnormality
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Behaviors that deviate from the norm are typically considered disorders when they impair functioning. Choice A is incorrect because not all behaviors that deviate from the norm are considered disorders; they need to impair functioning. Choice B is incorrect because the cultural context plays a significant role in determining what is considered abnormal. Choice D is incorrect because behaviors that deviate from the norm can indeed be considered signs of abnormality, especially if they impair functioning.
Which psychological perspective, emerging in the 1950s and 1960s, reflects a renewed interest in studying the mind or consciousness, similar to psychology's early days as a science in the late 1800s?
- A. Cognitive perspective.
- B. Mental perspective.
- C. Philosophical perspective.
- D. Biological perspective.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the Cognitive perspective. The cognitive perspective indeed emerged in the 1950s and 1960s, reflecting a renewed interest in studying the mind and consciousness, akin to early psychology's focus when it first established as a science in the late 1800s. This perspective emphasizes mental processes, problem-solving, decision-making, and information processing. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the mental perspective is too generic and does not capture the emphasis on processes, the philosophical perspective is more focused on theories and concepts, and the biological perspective centers on the influence of biology on behavior rather than consciousness and mental processes.