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How long are the typical ovarian and uterine (menstrual) cycles in a female?
- A. 7 days
- B. 14 days
- C. 28 days
- D. 40 days
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (28 days) because the typical ovarian and uterine (menstrual) cycles in a female are both around this duration. The menstrual cycle is typically 28 days, with ovulation occurring around day 14. This cycle is regulated by hormonal fluctuations and prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because a 7-day cycle is too short for a full menstrual cycle, a 14-day cycle is typically the duration of ovulation, and a 40-day cycle is longer than the average menstrual cycle length.
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Which of the following is/are an example(s) of asexual reproduction?
- A. Fission.
- B. Fragmentation.
- C. Budding.
- D. All of the abov
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Asexual reproduction involves the production of offspring from a single parent without the involvement of gametes or fertilization.
- Fission: Organism splits into two or more parts, each regenerating into a new individual.
- Fragmentation: Parent organism breaks into fragments, with each fragment developing into a new individual.
- Budding: New individuals develop as outgrowths or buds from the parent organism.
All these processes result in genetically identical offspring, making them examples of asexual reproduction.
A client with phimosis is not a candidate for surgery. Which of the following suggestions should a nurse give the client?
- A. Apply a skin cream and try retracting the tissue.
- B. Wash under the foreskin daily and seek care if he cannot retract the tissue.
- C. Apply warm soaks to the foreskin.
- D. Take sitz baths regularly until the tissue retracts.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proper hygiene and seeking care if issues persist are important for managing phimosis non-surgically.
Which of the following is the most accurate sequence of hormones?
- A. FSH
- B. LH
- C. estrogen
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct sequence is A: FSH, as it initiates the menstrual cycle by stimulating the growth of follicles in the ovaries. LH then triggers ovulation. Estrogen is produced by the developing follicles and peaks before ovulation, while progesterone rises after ovulation. The other choices are incorrect as they do not follow the physiological sequence of hormonal actions in the menstrual cycle.
The uterine artery vascularizes:
- A. the vagina;
- B. the Fallopian tubes;
- C. the uterus;
- D. the vulva;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: the uterus. The uterine artery vascularizes the uterus, providing the main blood supply to this reproductive organ. This artery plays a crucial role in supplying oxygen and nutrients to the uterus, supporting the growth and development of the endometrium and the fetus during pregnancy.
Choice A, the vagina, is incorrect because the vaginal artery, not the uterine artery, supplies blood to the vagina. Choice B, the Fallopian tubes, is incorrect as they are primarily vascularized by the tubal branches of the ovarian arteries. Choice D, the vulva, is also incorrect as the blood supply to the vulva comes from multiple sources including the internal pudendal artery and the external pudendal artery, not the uterine artery.
The process of creating female gametes is called ________.
- A. spermatogenesis
- B. oogenesis
- C. spermiogenesis
- D. cleavage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: oogenesis. Oogenesis is the process of creating female gametes (eggs) through meiosis in the ovaries. Spermatogenesis (A) is the process of creating male gametes (sperm). Spermiogenesis (C) is the final stage of spermatogenesis where spermatids mature into sperm. Cleavage (D) refers to the rapid cell divisions that occur after fertilization. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the formation of female gametes.