Nokea
How many distinct types of multiple sclerosis (MS) are there?
- A. 6
- B. 5
- C. 4
- D. 3
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is classified into four main types: relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary-progressive MS (SPMS), primary-progressive MS (PPMS), and progressive-relapsing MS (PRMS). Each type has distinct patterns of disease progression and symptom presentation.
You may also like to solve these questions
The sensory root of the facial nerve
- A. Arises from the sulcus between the pons and medulla
- B. Is called the nervus intermedius
- C. Presents as a swelling in the bend called the otic ganglion
- D. Emerges from the base of the skull through the foramen ovale
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sensory root of the facial nerve is called the nervus intermedius. It carries taste fibers from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and parasympathetic fibers to salivary glands.
What is the best description of the periosteum?
- A. Lining of a joint capsule
- B. A characteristic of skeletal muscle
- C. Most common type of cartilage tissue
- D. Fibrous connective tissue covering bone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The periosteum is fibrous connective tissue covering bone.
A patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome asks whether he is going to die as the paralysis spreads toward his chest. In responding to the patient, what should the nurse know to be able to answer this question?
- A. Patients who require ventilatory support almost always die.
- B. Death occurs when nerve damage affects the brain and meninges.
- C. Most patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome make a complete recovery.
- D. If death can be prevented, residual paralysis and sensory impairment are usually permanent.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most patients recover fully, though some may have long-term deficits.
The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of numbness, tingling, a crawling sensation affecting the extremities, and double vision which has occurred two(2) times in the month. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client?
- A. Have you experienced any difficulty with your menstrual cycle?
- B. Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your nose?
- C. Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems swallowing?
- D. Are you taking birth control pills to prevent conception?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fatigue and swallowing difficulties are common symptoms of MS and can indicate disease progression or exacerbation.
What gland produces a secretion that causes fight-or-flight responses in effectors?
- A. adrenal medulla
- B. salivatory gland
- C. reproductive gland
- D. thymus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: adrenal medulla. The adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal gland and secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to stress, leading to fight-or-flight responses. The salivary gland produces saliva, the reproductive gland produces sex hormones, and the thymus produces T-cells for the immune system, none of which are related to fight-or-flight responses.