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How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with a suspected fracture?
- A. Immobilize the affected limb and seek medical evaluation
- B. Apply heat to the injury
- C. Allow the child to continue normal activity
- D. Administer over-the-counter pain relief only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a child is suspected to have a fracture, it is essential to immobilize the affected limb to prevent further injury. Seeking immediate medical evaluation is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Applying heat to a suspected fracture can worsen the condition by increasing swelling and pain. Allowing the child to continue normal activity can lead to further damage. Administering only over-the-counter pain relief is insufficient and does not address the need for immobilization and professional evaluation.
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What should be a priority for a 4-year-old child with nephrosis?
- A. Impaired body image
- B. Skin impairment
- C. Nutritional deficit
- D. Injury
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skin impairment. Skin care is a priority in nephrosis due to edema and increased risk of skin breakdown, requiring careful monitoring and management. While impaired body image (Choice A) can be a concern, it is not typically a priority in a 4-year-old with nephrosis. Nutritional deficit (Choice C) is important but addressing skin impairment takes precedence due to the immediate risk of complications related to skin breakdown. Injury (Choice D) is a general concern for children but is not the priority in a child with nephrosis.
Which lab result should be abnormal in a child with hemophilia?
- A. Prothrombin time
- B. Bleeding time
- C. Platelet count
- D. Partial thromboplastin time
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a child with hemophilia, the lab result that should be abnormal is the partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Hemophilia is a disorder that affects the clotting factors in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, leading to a prolonged PTT. Prothrombin time (Choice A) assesses the extrinsic pathway and should be normal in hemophilia. Bleeding time (Choice B) evaluates platelet function, which is typically normal in hemophilia. Platelet count (Choice C) measures the number of platelets and is not directly affected by hemophilia.
What is the primary goal in managing a child with cystic fibrosis?
- A. Increase dietary fat intake
- B. Prevent lung infections
- C. Increase physical activity
- D. Ensure high protein intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary goal in managing a child with cystic fibrosis is to prevent lung infections. Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the respiratory system, leading to thick mucus buildup in the lungs, which increases the risk of infections. Preventing lung infections through proper respiratory care, medications, airway clearance techniques, and vaccinations is crucial in managing cystic fibrosis. While dietary interventions like increasing dietary fat intake, ensuring high protein intake, and promoting physical activity are also important aspects of cystic fibrosis management, preventing lung infections takes precedence as it directly addresses a major complication of the condition.
How should a healthcare provider handle a child with a suspected head injury who is showing signs of drowsiness?
- A. Administer pain medication
- B. Perform a full neurological assessment
- C. Allow the child to sleep
- D. Contact a specialist immediately
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a child with a suspected head injury is showing signs of drowsiness, administering pain medication should not be the first course of action as it may mask important symptoms. Allowing the child to sleep is not recommended as they need to be monitored. Contacting a specialist immediately may delay necessary assessments. Performing a full neurological assessment is the most appropriate action because it helps evaluate the head injury's extent, identify neurological deficits, and guide further intervention or treatment.
What is an important dietary consideration for a child with celiac disease?
- A. Increased iron intake
- B. Gluten-free diet
- C. High-protein diet
- D. Low-sodium diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A gluten-free diet is crucial for managing celiac disease in children because it helps prevent intestinal damage and alleviate symptoms. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, and it triggers an immune response in individuals with celiac disease, damaging the lining of the small intestine. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While iron intake is important for overall health, a child with celiac disease can still meet their iron needs through sources that are naturally gluten-free or fortified. A high-protein diet or a low-sodium diet are not specifically required for managing celiac disease.