Nokea
How should a healthcare provider respond to a parent concerned about their child's frequent ear infections?
- A. Recommend over-the-counter ear drops
- B. Suggest an ENT specialist evaluation
- C. Advise on increasing fluid intake
- D. Encourage more physical exercise
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a parent expresses concerns about their child's frequent ear infections, suggesting an ENT specialist evaluation is the most appropriate response. This specialist can conduct a thorough examination to identify the underlying cause of the recurrent infections and recommend the most suitable treatment. Recommending over-the-counter ear drops (Choice A) may not address the root cause of the issue and could potentially lead to inappropriate treatment. Advising on increasing fluid intake (Choice C) and encouraging more physical exercise (Choice D) are unrelated to addressing the specific concern of frequent ear infections.
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Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in the body?
- A. They provide insulation and support for organs.
- B. They help regulate body temperature.
- C. They serve as the body's main structural components.
- D. They are the body's primary source of energy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy, fueling daily activities and bodily functions. Choice A is incorrect because insulation and organ support are primarily provided by adipose tissue and structural proteins, not carbohydrates. Choice B is incorrect because the regulation of body temperature is mainly controlled by processes like sweating and shivering, not carbohydrates. Choice C is incorrect because structural components like proteins are responsible for building tissues and organs, not carbohydrates.
What is a common treatment for a child with iron-deficiency anemia?
- A. Iron supplements
- B. High-protein diet
- C. Vitamin B12 injections
- D. Sodium chloride solution
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iron supplements are the correct choice for treating iron-deficiency anemia in children. Iron supplements help replenish the low iron levels in the body, addressing the underlying cause of the anemia. High-protein diets may be beneficial for overall health but are not the primary treatment for iron-deficiency anemia. Vitamin B12 injections are used to treat B12 deficiency anemia, a different type of anemia. Sodium chloride solution is not a treatment for anemia and is typically used for hydration purposes.
What is a common sign of hypothyroidism in children?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Dry skin and constipation
- D. Elevated blood pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dry skin and constipation are typical signs of hypothyroidism in children. Hypothyroidism results from an underactive thyroid gland, leading to symptoms such as dry skin and constipation. Weight loss (Choice A) is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland is overactive. Increased heart rate (Choice B) and elevated blood pressure (Choice D) are also more characteristic of hyperthyroidism rather than hypothyroidism. Therefore, the correct answer is dry skin and constipation (Choice C) when identifying signs of hypothyroidism in children.
What is a common symptom of a respiratory infection in infants?
- A. Wheezing
- B. High appetite
- C. Increased thirst
- D. Lethargy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wheezing is a common symptom of respiratory infections in infants, often associated with coughing and difficulty breathing. It occurs due to the narrowing of the airways. Choice B, 'High appetite,' is incorrect as respiratory infections usually lead to a decrease in appetite rather than an increase. Choice C, 'Increased thirst,' is incorrect as it is not a typical symptom of a respiratory infection in infants. Choice D, 'Lethargy,' can be a symptom of respiratory infections but is not as specific and common as wheezing.
Which of the following is considered a micronutrient?
- A. Protein
- B. Carbohydrate
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Fat
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corrected Question: Vitamin C is considered a micronutrient because it is required in small amounts for proper body functioning and is essential for health. Proteins, carbohydrates, and fats are macronutrients, needed in larger quantities for energy and other body functions. Vitamin C, being a micronutrient, plays a crucial role in various bodily functions even though it is needed in smaller quantities compared to macronutrients. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Choice A (Protein), Choice B (Carbohydrate), and Choice D (Fat) are incorrect as they are macronutrients required in larger amounts for energy and other body functions.