Nokea
Hypoglycemic mechanism of biguanides is:
- A. Enhance closure of ATP sensitive K+ channels
- B. Inhibits gluconeogenesis in the liver
- C. Enhance glucose absorption from gastro-intestinal tract
- D. Decrease glycolysis in the peripheral tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Biguanides like metformin inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis, reducing blood glucose production.
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Which of the following is biguanide:
- A. Glibenclamide
- B. Metformin
- C. Acarbose
- D. Liraglutide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metformin is a biguanide that reduces hepatic glucose output.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Clozapine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should have a high-carbohydrate snack between meals and at bedtime.
- B. You are likely to develop hand tremors if you take this medication for a long period of time.
- C. You may experience temporary to the first record of the first dose.
- D. You should have your white blood cell count monitored every week.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clozapine requires weekly WBC monitoring due to risk of agranulocytosis.
The following drugs can be used for treatment of diabetes except one:
- A. Insulines
- B. Biguanides
- C. alfa glucosidase inhibitors
- D. Glucagon
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glucagon increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, making it unsuitable for diabetes treatment, unlike the others which lower glucose.
Thyroxin is contributed in all listed processes except one:
- A. Increase tissue demand of oxygen consumption
- B. Activating protein, carbohydrates and fats metabolism
- C. Increase the main metabolism
- D. Decrease the main metabolism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thyroxine (T4) increases metabolism, not decreases it, by enhancing oxygen use and nutrient breakdown.
In deciding which of multiple drugs used to use to treat a condition, the NP chooses Drug A because it:
- A. Has serious side effects and it is not being used for a life-threatening condition
- B. Will be taken twice daily and will be taken at home
- C. Is expensive, but covered by health insurance
- D. None of these are important in choosing a drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choosing a drug taken twice daily at home reflects practical considerations like adherence, outweighing side effects or cost alone . All factors matter (D is false).