Nokea
Hypokalemia can occur in patients with prolonged diarrhea and is caused by a decrease in:
- A. calcium
- B. magnesium
- C. potassium
- D. sodium
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypokalemia occurs when there is a decrease in serum potassium, often due to prolonged diarrhea, which can lead to life-threatening rhythm abnormalities.
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The process to control cellular growth, replication, and differentiation to maintain homeostasis is called:
- A. cellular regulation
- B. cellular impairment
- C. cellular reproduction
- D. cellular tumor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cellular regulation is the term used to describe both the positive and negative aspects of cellular function, ensuring proper growth, replication, and differentiation.
The best indicator of fluid volume changes in the body is:
- A. Skin dryness
- B. weight changes
- C. Blood pressure
- D. pulse rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Changes in weight are the best indicator of fluid volume changes in the body, as they directly reflect fluid gain or loss.
A major serum protein that is below normal in patients who have inadequate nutrition is:
- A. Albumin
- B. Globulin
- C. Fibrinogen
- D. Transferrin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Albumin is a major serum protein, and low levels are indicative of inadequate nutrition, as it is synthesized by the liver and requires adequate protein intake.
The inability to pass stool is known as
- A. constipation
- B. obstipation
- C. diarrhea
- D. incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obstipation is the severe inability to pass stool, often more extreme than constipation, which involves hard, dry, and difficult-to-pass stool.
Immunity which occurs when antibodies are passed from the mother to the fetus through the placenta or through breast milk is called:
- A. natural passive
- B. artificial active
- C. natural active
- D. artificial passive
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Natural passive immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from the mother to the fetus via the placenta or breast milk, providing temporary protection.