basic geriatric nursing 6th edition test bank

basic geriatric nursing 6th edition test bank Related

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Identify the Healthy People 2020 emerging issues in the health of older adults.

  • A. Coordinating care for the older adult population
  • B. Assisting older adults in the management of their own care
  • C. Identifying levels of training for those caring for older adults
  • D. Making community resources available for older adults
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Coordinating care for the older adult population. This is a key emerging issue in the health of older adults as it focuses on improving the integration and coordination of healthcare services to ensure comprehensive and efficient care delivery. This includes addressing the complex needs of older adults, promoting continuity of care, and enhancing communication among healthcare providers.

Rationale:
1. Coordinating care addresses the holistic needs of older adults.
2. It aims to prevent fragmented care and improve health outcomes.
3. Enhances collaboration among healthcare providers and community resources.
4. Promotes patient-centered care and improves quality of life for older adults.

Other Choices:
B: Assisting older adults in the management of their own care - While important, this focuses on individual responsibility rather than systemic coordination.
C: Identifying levels of training for those caring for older adults - Relevant but not a primary emerging issue in the health of older adults.
D: Making community resources available for older adults - Important, but

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Which of the following factors contributes the most to aging-related cognitive decline?

  • A. Chronic stress
  • B. Poor nutrition
  • C. Social isolation
  • D. Lack of physical exercise
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lack of physical exercise contributes the most to aging-related cognitive decline. Regular physical exercise increases blood flow to the brain, promotes neurogenesis, and enhances cognitive function. It also reduces the risk of developing conditions such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Chronic stress (A) can impact cognitive function, but it is not the primary factor in aging-related decline. Poor nutrition (B) can negatively affect brain health, but exercise has a more significant impact. Social isolation (C) is also detrimental to cognitive health, but physical exercise has been shown to have a more substantial influence on cognitive decline in aging individuals.

A 78 yr old female presents to the ED with complaints of nausea and sudden onset shortness of breath. The initial workup includes ____________.

  • A. upper endoscopy
  • B. CT of the head
  • C. liver function studies
  • D. EKG and serial enzymes for determination of an MI
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, EKG and serial enzymes for determination of an MI. In this scenario, the patient's symptoms of nausea and sudden onset shortness of breath raise concern for a possible myocardial infarction (MI). Conducting an EKG and serial enzymes helps in diagnosing an MI by assessing for cardiac ischemia or injury. Upper endoscopy (choice A) is not indicated for these symptoms. A CT of the head (choice B) is unnecessary as the symptoms are suggestive of a cardiac issue, not a neurological one. Liver function studies (choice C) do not align with the presenting symptoms and are not a priority in this acute setting. Conducting an EKG and serial enzymes is the most appropriate initial workup to assess for a possible MI in this elderly patient with concerning symptoms.

An older man is transferred to a hospice facility with end-stage disease. Which is a suitable nursing intervention for this older adult and his family according to the goals of long-term care?

  • A. Decrease the analgesic dose to prevent sedation.
  • B. Provide a basin and towels for morning self-care.
  • C. Inform family members about strict visiting hours.
  • D. Facilitate family rituals related to death and dying.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Facilitate family rituals related to death and dying. In end-of-life care, it is essential to support the older adult and their family in their cultural and spiritual practices to promote comfort and closure. This intervention aligns with the goals of long-term care by addressing the psychological and emotional needs of the patient and family. Providing a basin and towels (B) focuses on physical self-care, which may not be a priority in end-stage disease. Decreasing analgesic dose (A) can compromise pain management and quality of life. Informing family members about strict visiting hours (C) can hinder emotional support and connection during this critical time.

In managing frailty, what is the most important factor for improving strength and overall function in older adults?

  • A. High-protein diet
  • B. Medication management
  • C. Regular strength training exercises
  • D. Limiting physical activity to prevent injury
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Certainly! Regular strength training exercises are crucial for improving strength and overall function in older adults with frailty. Strength training helps build muscle mass, improve balance, and increase mobility, leading to enhanced functional abilities. It also helps prevent falls and maintain independence. High-protein diet (A) supports muscle health but alone is not sufficient. Medication management (B) is important but not the primary factor for physical function. Limiting physical activity (D) can worsen frailty by causing deconditioning and loss of muscle strength.

An older patient worries that simple tasks, like balancing a checkbook, take longer. How should the nurse respond?

  • A. “Normal brain changes with aging slow central processing, so don’t worry.”
  • B. “This is abnormal and needs immediate physician evaluation.”
  • C. “Changes in brain function lead to decreased intellectual performance.”
  • D. “Any change in function is concerning and needs evaluation.”
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Acknowledge patient's concern.
Step 2: Educate on normal aging changes affecting cognitive function.
Step 3: Reassure patient that slight delays in tasks are common.
Step 4: Encourage healthy habits to support cognitive function.
Step 5: Emphasize the importance of monitoring any significant changes.

Summary:
Choice A is correct as it addresses the concern, educates on normal aging changes, reassures the patient, and provides guidance on monitoring. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they either suggest immediate evaluation without considering normal aging changes or provide inaccurate information about brain function in aging.

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